SpringBoot源码之Bean的生命周期是什么
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入口方法为SpringApplication#run()
SpringApplication#run()
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {long startTime = System.nanoTime();DefaultBootstrapContext bootstrapContext = createBootstrapContext();ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;configureHeadlessProperty();SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);listeners.starting(bootstrapContext, this.mainApplicationClass);try {ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, bootstrapContext, applicationArguments);Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);context = createApplicationContext();context.setApplicationStartup(this.applicationStartup);prepareContext(bootstrapContext, context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);refreshContext(context);afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);Duration timeTakenToStartup = Duration.ofNanos(System.nanoTime() - startTime);if (this.logStartupInfo) {new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), timeTakenToStartup);}listeners.started(context, timeTakenToStartup);callRunners(context, applicationArguments);}catch (Throwable ex) {if (ex instanceof AbandonedRunException) {throw ex;}handleRunFailure(context, ex, listeners);throw new IllegalStateException(ex);}try {if (context.isRunning()) {Duration timeTakenToReady = Duration.ofNanos(System.nanoTime() - startTime);listeners.ready(context, timeTakenToReady);}}catch (Throwable ex) {if (ex instanceof AbandonedRunException) {throw ex;}handleRunFailure(context, ex, null);throw new IllegalStateException(ex);}return context;}
SpringApplication#run()=> SpringApplication#refreshContext(context)=> SpringApplication#refresh(context)=>ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh()=>AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()
@Overridepublic void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");// Prepare this context for refreshing.prepareRefresh();// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);try {// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);beanPostProcess.end();// Initialize message source for this context.initMessageSource();// Initialize event multicaster for this context.initApplicationEventMulticaster();// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.onRefresh();// Check for listener beans and register them.registerListeners();// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);// Last step: publish corresponding event.finishRefresh();}catch (BeansException ex) {if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);}// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.destroyBeans();// Reset 'active' flag.cancelRefresh(ex);// Propagate exception to caller.throw ex;}finally {// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...resetCommonCaches();contextRefresh.end();}}}
SpringApplication#run()=> SpringApplication#refreshContext(context)=> SpringApplication#refresh(context)=>ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh()=>AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()=>AbstractApplicationContext#finishBeanFactoryInitialization()=>ConfigurableListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()=>DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()
@Overridepublic void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);}// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...for (String beanName : beanNames) {RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);if (bean instanceof SmartFactoryBean<?> smartFactoryBean && smartFactoryBean.isEagerInit()) {getBean(beanName);}}else {// 此处就是初始化bean的方法getBean(beanName);}}}// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...for (String beanName : beanNames) {// 此处就是解决循环依赖的代码Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton) {StartupStep smartInitialize = this.getApplicationStartup().start("spring.beans.smart-initialize").tag("beanName", beanName);smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();smartInitialize.end();}}}
解决循环依赖的代码如下:
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {// 尝试从缓存中获取成品的目标对象,如果存在,则直接返回 Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName); // 如果缓存中不存在目标对象,则判断当前对象是否已经处于创建过程中,在前面的讲解中,第一次尝试获取A对象 // 的实例之后,就会将A对象标记为正在创建中,因而最后再尝试获取A对象的时候,这里的if判断就会为true if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) { synchronized (this.singletonObjects) { singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName); if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) { // 这里的singletonFactories是一个Map,其key是bean的名称,而值是一个ObjectFactory类型的 // 对象,这里对于A和B而言,调用图其getObject()方法返回的就是A和B对象的实例,无论是否是半成品 ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName); if (singletonFactory != null) { // 获取目标对象的实例 singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject(); this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject); this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName); } } } } return singletonObject;}
一级缓存,singletonObjects 单例缓存,存储已经实例化的单例bean。
二级缓存,earlySingletonObjects 提前暴露的单例缓存,这里存储的bean是刚刚构造完成,但还会通过属性注入bean。
三级缓存,singletonFactories 生产单例的工厂缓存,存储工厂。
解决原理如下:
在第一层中,先去获取 A 的 Bean,发现没有就准备去创建一个,然后将 A 的代理工厂放入“三级缓存”(这个 A 其实是一个半成品,还没有对里面的属性进行注入),但是 A 依赖 B 的创建,就必须先去创建 B;
在第二层中,准备创建 B,发现 B 又依赖 A,需要先去创建 A,去创建 A,因为第一层已经创建了 A 的代理工厂,直接从“三级缓存”中拿到 A 的代理工厂,获取 A 的代理对象,放入“二级缓存”,并清除“三级缓存”;
有了 A 的代理对象,对 A 的依赖完美解决(这里的 A 仍然是个半成品),B 初始化成功。在 B 初始化成功,完成 A 对象的属性注入,然后再填充 A 的其它属性,以及 A 的其它步骤(包括 AOP),完成对 A 完整的初始化功能(这里的 A 才是完整的 Bean)。
将 A 放入“一级缓存”。
SpringApplication#run()=> SpringApplication#refreshContext(context)=> SpringApplication#refresh(context)=>ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh()=>AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()=>AbstractApplicationContext#finishBeanFactoryInitialization()=>ConfigurableListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()=>DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()=>AbstractBeanFactory#getBean() => AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean()=>AbstractBeanFactory#createBean()=>AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean()=>AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean()
bean的生命周期:
调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor# postProcessBeforeInstantiation
跟进doCreateBean()
@Override protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'"); } RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd; // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and // clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class // which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition. Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName); if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) { mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd); mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass); } // Prepare method overrides. try { mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides(); } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex); } try { // 1.调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor# postProcessBeforeInstantiation Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse); if (bean != null) { return bean; } } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex); } try { // 跟进doCreateBean() Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'"); } return beanInstance; } catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) { // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already, // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry. throw ex; } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex); } }
创建bean实例
跟进populateBean()
跟进initializeBean()
protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { // Instantiate the bean. BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null; if (mbd.isSingleton()) { instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName); } if (instanceWrapper == null) { // 2.创建bean实例 instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args); } Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance(); Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass(); if (beanType != NullBean.class) { mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType; } // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition. synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) { if (!mbd.postProcessed) { try { applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName); } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex); } mbd.markAsPostProcessed(); } } // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references // even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware. boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)); if (earlySingletonExposure) { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName + "' to allow for resolving potential circular references"); } addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean)); } // Initialize the bean instance. Object exposedObject = bean; try { // 跟进populateBean() populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper); // 跟进initializeBean() exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); } catch (Throwable ex) { if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException bce && beanName.equals(bce.getBeanName())) { throw bce; } else { throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, ex.getMessage(), ex); } } if (earlySingletonExposure) { Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false); if (earlySingletonReference != null) { if (exposedObject == bean) { exposedObject = earlySingletonReference; } else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) { String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName); Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length); for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) { if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) { actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean); } } if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) { throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName, "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" + StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) + "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " + "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " + "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " + "'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example."); } } } } // Register bean as disposable. try { registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd); } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex); } return exposedObject; }
调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor# postProcessAfterInstantiation
注入bean属性
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) { if (bw == null) { if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance"); } else { // Skip property population phase for null instance. return; } } if (bw.getWrappedClass().isRecord()) { if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to a record"); } else { // Skip property population phase for records since they are immutable. return; } } // 3.调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor# postProcessAfterInstantiation for (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) { if (!bp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) { return; } } } PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null); int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode(); if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) { MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs); // Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable. if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) { autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs); } // Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable. if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) { autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs); } pvs = newPvs; } if (hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) { if (pvs == null) { pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues(); } for (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) { PropertyValues pvsToUse = bp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName); if (pvsToUse == null) { return; } pvs = pvsToUse; } } boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE); if (needsDepCheck) { PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching); checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs); } if (pvs != null) { // 4.注入属性 applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs); } }
设置Aware接口的属性
调用BeanPostProcessor的初始化前置方法
先((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet(),后调用init-method方法,进行初始化操作
调用BeanPostProcessor的初始化后置方法
protected Object initializeBean(String beanName, Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) { // 5.设置Aware接口的属性 invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean); Object wrappedBean = bean; if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { // 5.调用BeanPostProcessor的初始化前置方法 wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName); } try { // 6.调用init-method方法,进行初始化操作 invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd); } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null), beanName, ex.getMessage(), ex); } if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { // 7. 调用BeanPostProcessor的初始化后置方法 wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName); } return wrappedBean; }
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