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ElasticSearch整合SpringBoot搭建配置

2023-02-22 18:00

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前言

目前正在出一个Es专题系列教程, 篇幅会较多, 请持续关注编程网

本节来给大家讲一下在Springboot中如何整合es~

本文偏实战一些，为了方便演示,本节示例沿用上节索引,好了, 废话不多说直接开整吧~

项目搭建

老规矩，先建maven项目,下面是我的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-es-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--ElasticSearch 客户端依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Hutool依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--fast-json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId> org.slf4j </groupId>
            <artifactId> slf4j-api </artifactId>
            <version> 1.6.4 </version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

这里我使用的是elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client官方客户端,建议大家尽量用官方的，因为随着es的不断升级，很多api都过时了，如果你使用spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch这个要依赖社区去维护,很多新特性你没法使用到,也会存在安全性问题。

配置客户端

启动类:

@SpringBootApplication
public class EsStudyApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EsStudyApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置文件 application.yml:

server:
  port: 9000
elasticsearch:
  host: 0.0.0.0
  port: 9200
  username:
  password:

客户端配置 config.EsClientConfig:

@Configuration
public class EsClientConfig {
    @Value("${elasticsearch.host}")
    private String host;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.port}")
    private int port;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.username}")
    private String userName;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.password}")
    private String password;
    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient() {
        final CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
        credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials(userName, password));
        RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost( host, port, "http")).setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -&gt; {
                    httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnTotal(500);
                    httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnPerRoute(300);
                    return httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
                })
        );
        return restHighLevelClient;
    }
}

然后客户端我们就配好了，客户端的配置其实还有很多，感兴趣的同学自行查阅。后续使用的时候，直接导入RestHighLevelClient实例就好了

接着启动它，如果控制没有报错，说明配置没啥问题了，记得要开启es服务~

索引API初探 & Index API

下面我们写一点测试用例，来验证我们是否可以操作es，为了方便演示，这里直接使用SpringBootTest来测试，大家平时在写springboot项目，类测试的时候也可以这么做

ping

新建api.IndexApi,调用ping()方法来测试是否链接成功:

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
public class IndexApi {
    
    public static final String index = "study";
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;
    @Test
    public void ping() throws IOException {
        if(client.ping(RequestOptions.DEFAULT)) {
            log.info("链接成功");
        }else {
            log.info("链接失败 !");
        }
    }
}

点击IndexApi左上角的绿色箭头启动测试用例, 如果报错，尝试添加以下注解

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { EsStudyApplication.class })
public class IndexApi {....}

链接成功

说明客户端与es服务端是通的

创建索引 & create

通过前面的学习，有了一定的基础之后，回到代码中其实就是调调方法，因为你知道了这个代码的逻辑做了什么操作。下面来看下如何创建索引：


    @Test
    public void createIndex() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest(index);
        CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        log.info("创建索引 ===> "+ JSONObject.toJSONString(createIndexResponse)); // 创建索引 ===> {"acknowledged":true,"fragment":false,"shardsAcknowledged":true}
    }

大家可以返回到kibana中查看索引是否被创建，从而验证代码执行是否成功

添加别名:

// alias
request.alias(new Alias("study_alias"));

索引设置settings:

// index settings
request.settings(
        Settings.builder()
                .put("index.number_of_shards", 3)
                .put("index.number_of_replicas", 2)
);

索引映射mapping:

 // index mappings
//        {
//            "mapping": {
//            "_doc": {
//                "properties": {
//                    "name": {
//                        "type": "text"
//                    }
//                }
//            }
//        }
//        }
XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
builder.startObject();
{
    builder.startObject("properties");
    {
        builder.startObject("name");
        {
            builder.field("type", "text");
        }
        builder.endObject();
    }
    builder.endObject();
}
builder.endObject();
request.mapping(builder);

设置请求超时时间:

// 请求设置
request.setTimeout(TimeValue.timeValueMinutes(1));

索引是否存在 & exist

 
@Test
public void existIndex() throws IOException {
    GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest(index);
    boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    log.info("索引{}存在 ===> {}", index, exists);
}

删除索引

 
@Test
public void delIndex() throws IOException {
    DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest(index);
    AcknowledgedResponse delete = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    log.info("删除索引 ===> {}", JSONObject.toJSONString(delete)); // 删除索引 ===> {"acknowledged":true,"fragment":false}
}