Spring Boot 接口加解密功能实现
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介绍
在我们日常的Java开发中，免不了和其他系统的业务交互，或者微服务之间的接口调用;如果我们想保证数据传输的安全，对接口出参加密，入参解密。但是不想写重复代码，我们可以提供一个通用starter，提供通用加密解密功能。
基础知识
hutool-crypto加密解密工具
hutool-crypto提供了很多加密解密工具，包括对称加密，非对称加密，摘要加密等等，这不做详细介绍。
request流只能读取一次的问题
问题描述
在接口调用链中，request的请求流只能调用一次，处理之后，如果之后还需要用到请求流获取数据，就会发现数据为空。
比如使用了filter或者aop在接口处理之前，获取了request中的数据，对参数进行了校验，那么之后就不能在获取request请求流了。
解决办法
继承HttpServletRequestWrapper，将请求中的流copy一份，复写getInputStream和getReader方法供外部使用。每次调用后的getInputStream方法都是从复制出来的二进制数组中进行获取，这个二进制数组在对象存在期间一致存在。
使用Filter过滤器，在一开始，替换request为自己定义的可以多次读取流的request。
下面这样就实现了流的重复获取:
工具类(InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper)：
package com.mry.springboottools.validation;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import javax.servlet.ReadListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private ByteArrayOutputStream cachedBytes;
public InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);
}
@Override
public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
if (cachedBytes == null) {
// 首次获取流时，将流放入 缓存输入流 中
cacheInputStream();
}
// 从 缓存输入流 中获取流并返回
return new CachedServletInputStream(cachedBytes.toByteArray());
}
@Override
public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getInputStream()));
}
private void cacheInputStream() throws IOException {
// 缓存输入流以便多次读取。为了方便, 我使用 org.apache.commons IOUtils
cachedBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
IOUtils.copy(super.getInputStream(), cachedBytes);
}
public static class CachedServletInputStream extends ServletInputStream {
private final ByteArrayInputStream input;
public CachedServletInputStream(byte[] buf) {
// 从缓存的请求正文创建一个新的输入流
input = new ByteArrayInputStream(buf);
}
@Override
public boolean isFinished() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean isReady() {
return false;
}
@Override
public void setReadListener(ReadListener listener) {
}
@Override
public int read() throws IOException {
return input.read();
}
}
}Filter过滤器(HttpServletRequestInputStreamFilter)：
package com.mry.springboottools.validation;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import static org.springframework.core.Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE;
@Component
@Order(HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1) // 优先级最高
public class HttpServletRequestInputStreamFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
// 转换为可以多次获取流的request
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper inputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper = new InputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper(httpServletRequest);
// 放行
chain.doFilter(inputStreamHttpServletRequestWrapper, response);
}
}SpringBoot的参数校验validation
为了减少接口中，业务代码之前的大量冗余的参数校验代码
SpringBoot-validation提供了优雅的参数校验，入参都是实体类，在实体类字段上加上对应注解，就可以在进入方法之前，进行参数校验，如果参数错误，会抛出错误BindException，是不会进入方法的。
这种方法，必须要求在接口参数上加注解@Validated或者是@Valid
但是很多清空下，我们希望在代码中调用某个实体类的校验功能，所以需要如下工具类。
package com.mry.springboottools.validation;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.Validation;
import javax.validation.Validator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
public class ValidationUtils {
private static final Validator VALIDATOR = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory().getValidator();
public static void validate(Object object) throws CustomizeException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> validate = VALIDATOR.validate(object);
// 验证结果异常
throwParamException(validate);
}
public static void validate(Object object, Class<?> ... groups) throws CustomizeException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> validate = VALIDATOR.validate(object, groups);
// 验证结果异常
throwParamException(validate);
}
public static void validate(Object object, String propertyName) throws CustomizeException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> validate = VALIDATOR.validateProperty(object, propertyName);
// 验证结果异常
throwParamException(validate);
}
public static void validate(Object object, String propertyName, Class<?> ... groups) throws CustomizeException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> validate = VALIDATOR.validateProperty(object, propertyName, groups);
// 验证结果异常
throwParamException(validate);
}
private static void throwParamException(Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> validate) throws CustomizeException {
if (validate.size() > 0) {
List<String> fieldList = new LinkedList<>();
List<String> msgList = new LinkedList<>();
for (ConstraintViolation<Object> next : validate) {
fieldList.add(next.getPropertyPath().toString());
msgList.add(next.getMessage());
}
throw new ParamException(fieldList, msgList);
}
}
}自定义参数异常:
package com.mry.springboottools.validation;
import lombok.Getter;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import java.util.List;
@Getter
public class ParamException extends CustomizeException {
private List<String> fieldList;
private List<String> msgList;
public ParamException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public ParamException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public ParamException(List<String> fieldList, List<String> msgList) throws CustomizeException {
super(generatorMessage(fieldList, msgList));
this.fieldList = fieldList;
this.msgList = msgList;
}
public ParamException(List<String> fieldList, List<String> msgList, Exception ex) throws CustomizeException {
super(generatorMessage(fieldList, msgList), ex);
this.fieldList = fieldList;
this.msgList = msgList;
}
private static String generatorMessage(List<String> fieldList, List<String> msgList) throws CustomizeException {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(fieldList) || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(msgList) || fieldList.size() != msgList.size()) {
return "参数错误";
}
StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < fieldList.size(); i++) {
String field = fieldList.get(i);
String msg = msgList.get(i);
if (i == fieldList.size() - 1) {
message.append(field).append(":").append(msg);
} else {
message.append(field).append(":").append(msg).append(",");
}
}
return message.toString();
}
}自定义异常:
package com.mry.springboottools.validation;
public class CustomizeException extends Exception {
public CustomizeException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public CustomizeException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}自定义starter
自定义starter步骤:
1.创建工厂，编写功能代码;
2.声明自动配置类，把需要对外提供的对象创建好，通过配置类统一向外暴露;
3.在resource目录下准备一个名为spring/spring.factories的文件，以org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration为key，自动配置类为value列表，进行注册;
RequestBodyAdvice和ResponseBodyAdvice
1.RequestBodyAdvice是对请求的json串进行处理， 一般使用环境是处理接口参数的自动解密;
2.ResponseBodyAdvice是对请求响应的json传进行处理，一般用于相应结果的加密;
功能介绍
接口数据的时候，返回的是加密之后的数据 接口入参的时候，接收的是解密之后的数据，但是在进入接口之前，加密的会自动解密，取得对应的数据。
功能细节
加密解密使用对称加密的AES算法，使用hutool-crypto模块进行实现
所有的实体类提取一个公共父类，包含属性时间戳，用于加密数据返回之后的实效性，如果超过60分钟，那么其他接口将不进行处理。
如果接口加了加密注解EncryptionAnnotation，并且返回统一的json数据Result类，则自动对数据进行加密。如果是继承了统一父类RequestBase的数据，自动注入时间戳，确保数据的时效性。
如果接口加了解密注解DecryptionAnnotation，并且参数使用RequestBody注解标注，传入json使用统一格式RequestData类，并且内容是继承了包含时间长的父类RequestBase，则自动解密，并且转为对应的数据类型。
功能提供Springboot的starter，实现开箱即用。
代码实现
项目结构
crypto-common
crypto-spring-boot-starter 代码结构
核心代码
crypto.properties AES需要的参数配置
# \u6A21\u5F0F cn.hutool.crypto.Mode
crypto.mode=CTS
# \u8865\u7801\u65B9\u5F0F cn.hutool.crypto.Mode
crypto.padding=PKCS5Padding
# \u79D8\u94A5
crypto.key=testkey123456789
# \u76D0
crypto.iv=testiv1234567890spring.factories 自动配置文件
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.mry.crypto.config.AppConfigCryptConfig AES需要的配置参数
package com.mry.crypto.config;
import cn.hutool.crypto.Mode;
import cn.hutool.crypto.Padding;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.Getter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "crypto")
@PropertySource("classpath:crypto.properties")
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode
@Getter
public class CryptConfig implements Serializable {
private Mode mode;
private Padding padding;
private String key;
private String iv;
}AppConfig 自动配置类
package com.mry.crypto.config;
import cn.hutool.crypto.symmetric.AES;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Resource
private CryptConfig cryptConfig;
@Bean
public AES aes() {
return new AES(cryptConfig.getMode(), cryptConfig.getPadding(), cryptConfig.getKey().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), cryptConfig.getIv().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
}
}
package com.mry.crypto.config;
import cn.hutool.crypto.symmetric.AES;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Resource
private CryptConfig cryptConfig;
@Bean
public AES aes() {
return new AES(cryptConfig.getMode(), cryptConfig.getPadding(), cryptConfig.getKey().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), cryptConfig.getIv().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
}
}DecryptRequestBodyAdvice 请求自动解密
package com.mry.crypto.advice;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.mry.crypto.annotation.DecryptionAnnotation;
import com.mry.crypto.common.exception.ParamException;
import com.mry.crypto.constant.CryptoConstant;
import com.mry.crypto.entity.RequestBase;
import com.mry.crypto.entity.RequestData;
import com.mry.crypto.util.AESUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestBodyAdvice;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
@ControllerAdvice
public class DecryptRequestBodyAdvice implements RequestBodyAdvice {
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(DecryptionAnnotation.class);
}
@Override
public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {
return inputMessage;
}
@SneakyThrows
@Override
public Object afterBodyRead(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
// 获取request
RequestAttributes requestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
ServletRequestAttributes servletRequestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) requestAttributes;
if (servletRequestAttributes == null) {
throw new ParamException("request错误");
}
HttpServletRequest request = servletRequestAttributes.getRequest();
// 获取数据
ServletInputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
RequestData requestData = objectMapper.readValue(inputStream, RequestData.class);
if (requestData == null || StringUtils.isBlank(requestData.getText())) {
throw new ParamException("参数错误");
}
// 获取加密的数据
String text = requestData.getText();
// 放入解密之前的数据
request.setAttribute(CryptoConstant.INPUT_ORIGINAL_DATA, text);
// 解密
String decryptText = null;
try {
decryptText = AESUtil.decrypt(text);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ParamException("解密失败");
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(decryptText)) {
throw new ParamException("解密失败");
}
// 放入解密之后的数据
request.setAttribute(CryptoConstant.INPUT_DECRYPT_DATA, decryptText);
// 获取结果
Object result = objectMapper.readValue(decryptText, body.getClass());
// 强制所有实体类必须继承RequestBase类，设置时间戳
if (result instanceof RequestBase) {
// 获取时间戳
Long currentTimeMillis = ((RequestBase) result).getCurrentTimeMillis();
// 有效期 60秒
long effective = 60*1000;
// 时间差
long expire = System.currentTimeMillis() - currentTimeMillis;
// 是否在有效期内
if (Math.abs(expire) > effective) {
throw new ParamException("时间戳不合法");
}
// 返回解密之后的数据
return result;
} else {
throw new ParamException(String.format("请求参数类型：%s 未继承：%s", result.getClass().getName(), RequestBase.class.getName()));
}
}
@SneakyThrows
@Override
public Object handleEmptyBody(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
String typeName = targetType.getTypeName();
Class<?> bodyClass = Class.forName(typeName);
return bodyClass.newInstance();
}
}EncryptResponseBodyAdvice 相应自动加密
package com.mry.crypto.advice;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.mry.crypto.annotation.DecryptionAnnotation;
import com.mry.crypto.common.exception.ParamException;
import com.mry.crypto.constant.CryptoConstant;
import com.mry.crypto.entity.RequestBase;
import com.mry.crypto.entity.RequestData;
import com.mry.crypto.util.AESUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestBodyAdvice;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
@ControllerAdvice
public class DecryptRequestBodyAdvice implements RequestBodyAdvice {
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(DecryptionAnnotation.class);
}
@Override
public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {
return inputMessage;
}
@SneakyThrows
@Override
public Object afterBodyRead(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
// 获取request
RequestAttributes requestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
ServletRequestAttributes servletRequestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) requestAttributes;
if (servletRequestAttributes == null) {
throw new ParamException("request错误");
}
HttpServletRequest request = servletRequestAttributes.getRequest();
// 获取数据
ServletInputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
RequestData requestData = objectMapper.readValue(inputStream, RequestData.class);
if (requestData == null || StringUtils.isBlank(requestData.getText())) {
throw new ParamException("参数错误");
}
// 获取加密的数据
String text = requestData.getText();
// 放入解密之前的数据
request.setAttribute(CryptoConstant.INPUT_ORIGINAL_DATA, text);
// 解密
String decryptText = null;
try {
decryptText = AESUtil.decrypt(text);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ParamException("解密失败");
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(decryptText)) {
throw new ParamException("解密失败");
}
// 放入解密之后的数据
request.setAttribute(CryptoConstant.INPUT_DECRYPT_DATA, decryptText);
// 获取结果
Object result = objectMapper.readValue(decryptText, body.getClass());
// 强制所有实体类必须继承RequestBase类，设置时间戳
if (result instanceof RequestBase) {
// 获取时间戳
Long currentTimeMillis = ((RequestBase) result).getCurrentTimeMillis();
// 有效期 60秒
long effective = 60*1000;
// 时间差
long expire = System.currentTimeMillis() - currentTimeMillis;
// 是否在有效期内
if (Math.abs(expire) > effective) {
throw new ParamException("时间戳不合法");
}
// 返回解密之后的数据
return result;
} else {
throw new ParamException(String.format("请求参数类型：%s 未继承：%s", result.getClass().getName(), RequestBase.class.getName()));
}
}
@SneakyThrows
@Override
public Object handleEmptyBody(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
String typeName = targetType.getTypeName();
Class<?> bodyClass = Class.forName(typeName);
return bodyClass.newInstance();
}
}crypto-test 代码结构
核心代码
application.yml 配置文件
spring:
mvc:
format:
date-time: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
date: yyyy-MM-dd
# 日期格式化
jackson:
date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
time-zone: GMT+8
server:
port: 9999Teacher 实体类
package com.mry.crypto.entity;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Range;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
public class Teacher extends RequestBase implements Serializable {
@NotBlank(message = "姓名不能为空")
private String name;
@NotNull(message = "年龄不能为空")
@Range(min = 0, max = 150, message = "年龄不合法")
private Integer age;
@NotNull(message = "生日不能为空")
private Date birthday;
}TestController 测试Controller
package com.mry.crypto.controller;
import com.mry.crypto.annotation.DecryptionAnnotation;
import com.mry.crypto.annotation.EncryptionAnnotation;
import com.mry.crypto.common.entity.Result;
import com.mry.crypto.common.entity.ResultBuilder;
import com.mry.crypto.entity.Teacher;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController implements ResultBuilder {
@PostMapping("/get")
public ResponseEntity<Result<?>> get(@Validated @RequestBody Teacher teacher) {
return success(teacher);
}
@PostMapping("/encrypt")
@EncryptionAnnotation
public ResponseEntity<Result<?>> encrypt(@Validated @RequestBody Teacher teacher) {
return success(teacher);
}
@PostMapping("/encrypt1")
@EncryptionAnnotation
public Result<?> encrypt1(@Validated @RequestBody Teacher teacher) {
return success(teacher).getBody();
}
@PostMapping("/decrypt")
@DecryptionAnnotation
public ResponseEntity<Result<?>> decrypt(@Validated @RequestBody Teacher teacher) {
return success(teacher);
}
}验证
加密：
解密：
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