Spring Boot学习之Shiro

文章目录

• 零 全部源码地址
• 一 Shiro简介
• • 1.1 Shiro功能
  • 1.2 Shiro架构（外部视角）
  • 1.3 Shiro架构（内部视角）
• 二 Shiro快速入门
• • 2.1 演示代码&部分源码解读
• 三 Spring Boot集成Shio
• • 3.0 准备操作
  • 3.1 整合Shiro
  • 3.2 页面拦截实现
  • 3.3 登录认证
  • 3.4 整合数据库
  • 3.5 用户授权操作
  • 3.6 Shiro授权
  • 3.7 整合thymeleaf
  • 3.8 效果展示

零 全部源码地址

• 全部源码

一 Shiro简介

• Apache Shiro 是一个Java 的安全（权限）框架。
• Shiro可以完成，认证，授权，加密，会话管理，Web集成，缓存等。
• Shiro官网

1.1 Shiro功能

1.2 Shiro架构（外部视角）

• 从应用程序角度来观察如何使用shiro完成工作
  

• subject：

  • 应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject【Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject】
  • 与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject，与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager
  • Subject其实是一个门面，SecurityManageer 才是实际的执行者

• SecurityManager

  • 安全管理器，即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SercurityManager交互，并且它管理着所有的Subject。
  • 它是Shiro的核心，它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互，它相当于SpringMVC的DispatcherServlet的角色

• Realm

  • Shiro从Realm获取安全数据（如用户，角色，权限）
  • SecurityManager 要验证用户身份，需要从Realm 获取相应的用户进行比较，来确定用户的身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色、权限，进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行
  • 可以把Realm看成DataSource。

1.3 Shiro架构（内部视角）

二 Shiro快速入门

2.1 演示代码&部分源码解读

• 官方10分钟快速入门

1. 创建一个maven工程删掉不必要的东西
   

2. 根据官方文档，我们来导入Shiro的依赖

   <dependencies>    <dependency>        <groupId>org.apache.shirogroupId>        <artifactId>shiro-coreartifactId>        <version>1.4.1version>    dependency>        <dependency>        <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4jartifactId>        <version>1.7.21version>    dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>        <version>1.7.21version>    dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>log4jgroupId>        <artifactId>log4jartifactId>        <version>1.2.17version>    dependency>dependencies>

3. 编写Shiro配置

   • log4j.properties

   log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n# General Apache librarieslog4j.logger.org.apache=WARN# Springlog4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN# Default Shiro logginglog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO# Disable verbose logginglog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARNlog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

   • shiro.ini

   [users]# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' roleroot = secret, admin# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' roleguest = guest, guest# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'presidentskroob = 12345, president# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Roles with assigned permissions## Each line conforms to the format defined in the# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------[roles]# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'admin = *# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:schwartz = lightsaber:*# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

4. 编写QuickStrat

   import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class Quickstart {    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);    public static void main(String[] args) {        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();        //设置单例模式        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);                // 获取当前的对象 subject        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        // 通过当前对象拿到 session        Session session = currentUser.getSession();        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");        if (value.equals("aValue")) {            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");        }        // 判断当前的用户是否被认证        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {            //token令牌 没有获取，随机            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");            token.setRememberMe(true);//设置记住功能            try {                currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作~            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {//用户名不存在                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {//密码错误                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {//                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");            }            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {                //unexpected condition?  error?            }        }        //say who they are:        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):        //获取当前用户的认证码——存取信息        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");        //test a role:检测角色        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");        } else {            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");        }        //粗粒度        //test a typed permission (not instance-level):检测权限        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");        }        //细粒度        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:是否拥有更高级的权限        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");        }        //all done - log out!退出        currentUser.logout();        // 结束        System.exit(0);    }}

5. 测试结果

   2023-01-27 17:35:00,334 INFO [org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.AbstractValidatingSessionManager] - Enabling session validation scheduler... 2023-01-27 17:35:00,712 INFO [Quickstart] - Retrieved the correct value! [aValue] 2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - User [lonestarr] logged in successfully. 2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - May the Schwartz be with you! 2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely. 2023-01-27 17:35:00,714 INFO [Quickstart] - You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  Here are the keys - have fun! 进程已结束,退出代码0

三 Spring Boot集成Shio

3.0 准备操作

1. 搭建一个SpringBoot项目、选中web模块

2. 导入Maven依赖 thymeleaf

   <dependency>     <groupId>org.thymeleafgroupId>     <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5artifactId> dependency> <dependency>     <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extrasgroupId>     <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8timeartifactId> dependency>

3. 编写一个页面 index.html
   

   DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Titletitle>head><body><h1>首页h1><p th:text="${msg}">p>body>html>

4. 编写controller进行访问测试

   import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controllerpublic class MyController {@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})public String toIndex(Model model){model.addAttribute("msg","hello,Shiro");return "index";}}

3.1 整合Shiro

1. 导入Shiro 和 spring整合的依赖

      <dependency>     <groupId>org.apache.shirogroupId>     <artifactId>shiro-springartifactId>     <version>1.9.1version> dependency>

2. 编写Shiro 配置类 【config包下】

   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;//声明为配置类@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig {//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager//创建 realm 对象}

3. 先创建一个 realm 对象

   • 需要自定义一个 realm 的类，用来编写一些查询的方法，或者认证与授权的逻辑

   import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;//自定义Realmpublic class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {//执行授权逻辑@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfodoGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {System.out.println("执行了=>授权逻辑PrincipalCollection");return null;}//执行认证逻辑@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfodoGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throwsAuthenticationException {System.out.println("执行了=>认证逻辑AuthenticationToken");return null;}}

4. 将这个类注册到Bean中【ShiroConfig中】

   @Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig {//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager//创建 realm 对象@Beanpublic UserRealm userRealm(){return new UserRealm();}}

5. 创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager

   //创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBeangetShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);return shiroFilterFactoryBean;}

6. ShiroConfig全部代码

   //声明为配置类@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig {//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBeangetShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);return shiroFilterFactoryBean;}//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager@Bean(name = "securityManager")public DefaultWebSecurityManagergetDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm")UserRealm userRealm){DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();//关联RealmsecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);return securityManager;}//创建 realm 对象@Beanpublic UserRealm userRealm(){return new UserRealm();}}

3.2 页面拦截实现

1. 编写两个页面、在templates目录下新建一个 user 目录 add.html update.html

   <body><h1>addh1>body>

   <body><h1>updateh1>body>

2. 编写跳转到页面的controller

   @RequestMapping("/user/add")public String toAdd(){return "user/add";}@RequestMapping("/user/update")public String toUpdate(){return "user/update";}

3. 在index页面上，增加跳转链接

   <a th:href="@{/user/add}">adda> <hr/> <a th:href="@{/user/update}">updatea>

4. 添加Shiro的内置过滤器

   @Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBeangetShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);return shiroFilterFactoryBean;}

5. 编写自定义Login页面

   DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">    <head>        <meta charset="UTF-8">        <title>logintitle>    head>    <body>        <p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red">p>        <form th:action="@{/login}">            <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username">p>            <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password">p>            <p>                <button type="submit">登录button>            p>        form>    body>html>

6. 编写跳转的controller

   @RequestMapping("/toLogin")public String toLogin(){return "login";}

7. 在shiro中配置

    //shiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){    ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();    //设置安全管理器    bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);    //添加shiro的内置过滤器        filterMap.put("/user@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructor@Alias("User")public class User {    private int id;    private String name;    private String pwd;    private String perms;}

8. 编写Mapper接口

   import com.yang.pojo.User;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository@Mapperpublic interface UserMapper {    public User queryUserByName(String name);}

9. 编写Mapper配置文件

   DOCTYPE mapper        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.UserMapper">    <select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String"            resultType="User">        select * from user where name = #{name}    select>mapper>

10. 编写UserService 层

    import com.yang.pojo.User;public interface UserService {    public User queryUserByName(String name);}

    import com.yang.mapper.UserMapper;import com.yang.pojo.User;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{    @Autowired    UserMapper userMapper;    @Override    public User queryUserByName(String name) {        return userMapper.queryUserByName(name);    }}

11. 测试

    import com.yang.service.UserService;import com.yang.service.UserServiceImpl;import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;@SpringBootTestclass ShiroSpringbootApplicationTests {    @Autowired    UserServiceImpl userService;    @Test    void contextLoads() {        System.out.println(userService.queryUserByName("小明"));    }}

12. 改造UserRealm

    • 连接到数据库进行真实的操作

    import com.yang.pojo.User;import com.yang.service.UserService;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;//自定义UserRealmpublic class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {    @Autowired UserService userService;    //授权    @Override    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");        //给资源进行授权        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();        //添加资源的授权字符串        //info.addStringPermission("user:add");//硬编码        //拿到当前登录的这个对象        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        User currentPrincipal = (User)subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user对象        //设置当前用户的权限，从数据库中查询而来        info.addStringPermission(currentPrincipal.getPerms());        return info;    }    //认证    @Override    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");                UsernamePasswordToken userToken=(UsernamePasswordToken) token;        //连接真实数据库        User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());        if(user==null) {            return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException        }        //为了完美，我们在用户登录后应该把信息放到Session中，我们完善下！在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session        Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        Session session = currentSubject.getSession();        session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);        //第一个参数类型principal 当事人；首要的；最主要的 将user对象传递给上面的授权操作        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");    }}

3.5 用户授权操作

• 使用shiro的过滤器来拦截请求

1. 在 ShiroFilterFactoryBean 中添加一个过滤器

   //授权过滤器filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]"); //大家记得注意顺序！

• 当我们实现权限拦截后，shiro会自动跳转到未授权的页面

2. 配置一个未授权的提示的页面，增加一个controller提示

   @RequestMapping("/noauth")@ResponseBodypublic String noAuth(){return "未经授权不能访问此页面";}

3. 在shiroFilterFactoryBean 中配置一个未授权的请求页面

   shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

3.6 Shiro授权

• 在UserRealm 中添加授权的逻辑，增加授权的字符串

  //授权@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {    System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");    //给资源进行授权    SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();    //添加资源的授权字符串    //info.addStringPermission("user:add");//硬编码    //拿到当前登录的这个对象    Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();    User currentPrincipal = (User)subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user对象    //设置当前用户的权限，从数据库中查询而来    info.addStringPermission(currentPrincipal.getPerms());    return info;}

• 在过滤器中，将 update 请求也进行权限拦截下

  //拦截LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();//授权 正常情况下，没有授权会跳转到未授权页面filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");

3.7 整合thymeleaf

1. 添加maven依赖

            <dependency>            <groupId>com.github.theborakompanionigroupId>            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiroartifactId>            <version>2.1.0version>        dependency>

2. 配置一个shiro的Dialect ，在shiro的配置中增加一个Bean

    //配置ShiroDialect：方言，用于整合thymeleaf和shiro    // 用于 thymeleaf 和 shiro 标签配合使用    @Bean    public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){        return new ShiroDialect();    }

3. 修改前端的配置

   <div shiro:hasPermission="user:add"><a th:href="@{/user/add}">adda>div><div shiro:hasPermission="user:update"><a th:href="@{/user/update}">updatea>div>

4. 在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session

    //为了完美，在用户登录后应该把信息放到Session中，我们完善下！在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); Session session = currentSubject.getSession(); session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);

5. 前端从session中获取，然后用来判断是否显示登录

   <p th:if="${session.loginUser==null}"><a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录a>p>

3.8 效果展示

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/yang2330648064/article/details/128771569