Oracle 学习之RMAN(十三)恢复实战--数据块修复
短信预约 -IT技能 免费直播动态提醒
在很多情况下,数据库只是某个数据文件的些许数据块发生损坏。这种情况,我们当然可是使用数据库恢复或者数据文件恢复的方式来解决问题。但是有点高射炮打蚊子的感觉。幸好RMAN提供了块级别的恢复。下面我们来演示一下。
1. 创建一个表空间,大小小一点。
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> create tablespace tbs_blkerr datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/blkerr01.dbf' size 128K;
Tablespace created.
2. 在这个表空间上创建一个表,并且装满数据。
SQL> create table emp_blk tablespace tbs_blkerr as select * from scott.emp;
Table created.
SQL> insert into emp_blk select * from scott.emp;
14 rows created.
SQL> /
14 rows created.
。。。。
SQL> insert into emp_blk select * from scott.emp;
insert into emp_blk select * from scott.emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01653: unable to extend table SYS.EMP_BLK by 8 in tablespace TBS_BLKERR
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select count(*) from emp_blk;
COUNT(*)
----------
686
SQL>
3. 备份该表空间或者数据文件。
RMAN> backup datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/blkerr01.dbf';
Starting backup at 2015/07/09 10:30:11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/blkerr01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 10:30:11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 10:30:12
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T103011_bsvq5mw9_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T103011 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015/07/09 10:30:12
4. 使用vi编辑数据文件blkerr01.dbf,对文件尾部做稍微的修改
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
Fixed Size 2233000 bytes
Variable Size 553651544 bytes
Database Buffers 281018368 bytes
Redo Buffers 2379776 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/blkerr01.dbf'
RMAN> restore datafile 7;
Starting restore at 2015/07/09 10:36:25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/blkerr01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T103011_bsvq5mw9_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T103011_bsvq5mw9_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T103011
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 2015/07/09 10:36:27
RMAN> recover datafile 7;
Starting recover at 2015/07/09 10:36:40
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 2015/07/09 10:36:41
此次修改破坏了文件的头部,发生了意外。(也可能是编辑datafile时,没有关闭数据库)我们先恢复数据文件。再次编辑文件。
此实验始终没有做成功,后续有时间再研究。
恢复的方法如下:
RMAN TARGET /
BLOCKRECOVER DATAFILE 12 BLOCK 12;
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