如何在c#中使用WPF对DataGrid中的Cell进行编辑
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如何在c#中使用WPF对DataGrid中的Cell进行编辑？很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。
1 MainWindow
<Window x:Class="DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:xceed="http://schemas.xceed.com/wpf/xaml/datagrid" xmlns:models="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Models" xmlns:views="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Views" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="DataGridDemo" Height="450" Width="800"> <Window.Resources> <DataTemplate x:Key="CustomTemplate"> <Border BorderThickness="1" BorderBrush="Blue"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Display }" FontWeight="Bold" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" /> </Border> </DataTemplate> <DataTemplate x:Key="RowHeadTemplate" DataType="{x:Type models:RecipeControlVariable}"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding DisplayName}" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Foreground="Black" FontSize="12"/> </DataTemplate> <xceed:DataGridCollectionViewSource x:Key="recipeData" Source="{Binding RecipeVariables}"></xceed:DataGridCollectionViewSource> </Window.Resources> <Grid> <xceed:DataGridControl x:Name="DataGridControl" AutoCreateColumns="False" FontSize="13" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" BorderBrush="Gray" BorderThickness="1" ItemsPrimaryAxis="Horizontal" PagingBehavior="LeftToRight" UpdateSourceTrigger="CellContentChanged" SelectionUnit="Cell" SelectionMode="Single" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource recipeData}}"> <xceed:DataGridControl.View> <xceed:TableflowView FixedColumnCount="1" ContainerHeight="30" x:Name="tblView" VerticalGridLineThickness="0.5" HorizontalGridLineBrush="Gray" HorizontalGridLineThickness="1" VerticalGridLineBrush="Black" RowFadeInAnimationDuration="0" ScrollingAnimationDuration="0" ColumnStretchMinWidth="10" DetailIndicatorWidth="20" ShowRowSelectorPane="False" ShowScrollTip="False" UseDefaultHeadersFooters="False"> <xceed:TableflowView.FixedHeaders> <DataTemplate> <xceed:ColumnManagerRow AllowColumnReorder="False" AllowColumnResize="True" AllowDrop="False" AllowSort="False" /> </DataTemplate> </xceed:TableflowView.FixedHeaders> </xceed:TableflowView> </xceed:DataGridControl.View> <xceed:DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors> <xceed:CellEditor x:Key="{x:Type models:SmartCellViewModel}"> <xceed:CellEditor.EditTemplate> <DataTemplate> <views:SmartCellEditor Content="{xceed:CellEditorBinding}" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="{Binding ActualHeight,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Border},AncestorLevel=1}}"></views:SmartCellEditor> </DataTemplate> </xceed:CellEditor.EditTemplate> </xceed:CellEditor> </xceed:DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors> </xceed:DataGridControl> </Grid></Window>在View部分主要是通过引用Xceed中的DataGridControl控件进行扩展的，这个里面主要是需要设置DataGridControl的View和DefaultCellEditor这个里面DefaultCellEditor是本文的重点，这个就是单元格Cell双击后进行编辑的主体，在这个里面我们需要指定CellEditor的EditTemplate,这里面需要匹配一个DataTemplate,这个里面是一个SmartCellEditor的子View，下面我们来看看这个SmartCellEditor里面是什么内容？
2 SmartCellEditor
<UserControl x:Class="DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Views.SmartCellEditor" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:conv="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Converters" xmlns:xceed="clr-namespace:Xceed.Wpf.Toolkit;assembly=Xceed.Wpf.Toolkit" mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="450" d:DesignWidth="800"> <UserControl.Resources> <conv:VisibilityConverter x:Key="visConverter" /> <conv:TimeSpanConverter x:Key="timeSpanConverter" /> <conv:NumConverter x:Key="numConverter" /> <conv:BoolConverter x:Key="boolConverter" /> </UserControl.Resources> <StackPanel Margin="0"> <!--TextBlock--> <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" Background="{Binding Background}" Foreground="{Binding Foreground}" Text="{Binding Path=Display,Mode=OneWay}" ToolTip="{Binding ToolTip}" FontWeight="{Binding FontWeight}" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TextBlock}"/> <!--Editable ComboBox--> <ComboBox x:Name="editableComboBox" ItemsSource="{Binding SmartCellData.Selections}" IsEditable="True" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" DisplayMemberPath="SelectionDisplayName" Text="{Binding CellValue,Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=EditableComboBox}" /> <!--Readonly ComboBox--> <ComboBox x:Name="readonlyComboBox" VerticalAlignment="Center" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" ItemsSource="{Binding SmartCellData.Selections}" IsEditable="False" DisplayMemberPath="SelectionDisplayName" SelectedValuePath="ControlName" SelectedValue="{Binding Path=CellValue,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=ReadonlyComboBox}" /> <!--Text Input TextBox--> <TextBox HorizontalContentAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Text="{Binding CellValue}" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TextBox}" TextAlignment="Left" /> <!--Number Input TextBox--> <xceed:DecimalUpDown HorizontalContentAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" FormatString="G" Value="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource numConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Increment="1" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=DecimalUpDown}" TextAlignment="Left" /> <!--CheckBox--> <CheckBox x:Name="checkBox" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Content="{Binding Tag}" IsChecked="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource boolConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=CheckBox}" /> <!--TimePicker--> <xceed:DateTimeUpDown Format="Custom" FormatString="HH:mm:ss" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Value="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource timeSpanConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TimePicker}" CultureInfo="uk-UA" /> </StackPanel></UserControl>在这个里面我们在一个StackPanel中放置了匹配各种数据类型的Template,并且每一个的Visibility都是由visConverter这个自定义的Converter来实现的，后面我们会分析这个Converter里面的内容，这些代码的整体思想就是每次这个StackPanel里面的Template都只有一个可以显示，其它的都是隐藏的，哪一个会显示是根据当前的数据类型决定的，每一个注释表示每一个类型的数据，比如我们如果定义的是Bool类型，那么当我们双击单元格Cell的时候会出现一个CheckBox供我们编辑，所以这个里面我们需要根据我们定义的数据类型来扩展对应的模板，当我们双击单元格的时候就会显示这个模板从而进行编辑数据。
3 MainWindowViewModel
这个里面是定义的MainWindow对应的DataContext,在这里面我们会初始化绑定到MainWindow中DataGridControl的ItemsSource,我们先来看看这个里面核心的代码并就其中的要点进行分析。
using DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Models;using System;using System.Collections.ObjectModel;using System.Windows; namespace DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo{ public class MainWindowViewModel : NotificationObject { public MainWindowViewModel(Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.DataGridControl dataGridControl) { DataGridControl = dataGridControl; InitRecipeVariables(); } #region Properties private ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable> _RecipeVariables = new ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable>(); public ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable> RecipeVariables { get { return _RecipeVariables; } set { if (value != _RecipeVariables) { _RecipeVariables = value; OnPropertyChanged(nameof(RecipeVariables)); } } } public Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.DataGridControl DataGridControl { get; set; } #endregion #region Private Methods private void InitRecipeVariables() { _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable { ControlName = "Name", DisplayName = "Name", StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel> { new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="Step", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "Name", DisplayName = "Name", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput } }, new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="Step", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "Name", DisplayName = "Name", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput } } } }); _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable { ControlName = "Time", DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)", StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel> { new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="0", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "Time", DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.NumInput } }, new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="0", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "Time", DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.NumInput } } } }); _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable { ControlName = "FrontChemical", DisplayName = "FrontChemical", StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel> { new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="None", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "FrontChemical", DisplayName = "FrontChemical", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.ReadOnlySelection, Selections=new ObservableCollection<SelectionItem> { new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="CHEM1", SelectionDisplayName="CHEM1", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="N2", SelectionDisplayName="N2", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="CDIW", SelectionDisplayName="CDIW", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="", SelectionDisplayName="None", } } } }, new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="None", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "FrontChemical", DisplayName = "FrontChemical", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.ReadOnlySelection, Selections=new ObservableCollection<SelectionItem> { new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="CHEM1", SelectionDisplayName="CHEM1", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="N2", SelectionDisplayName="N2", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="CDIW", SelectionDisplayName="CDIW", }, new SelectionItem { SelectionControlName="", SelectionDisplayName="None", } } } } } }); _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable { ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting", DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan", StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel> { new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="Default", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting", DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput } }, new SmartCellViewModel { CellValue="Default", ErrorInfo=null, SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem { ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting", DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan", VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput } } } }); } #endregion /// <summary> /// reload datagrid content /// </summary> public void RefreshDataGrid() { try { if (null == DataGridControl) return; //generate columns in Grid DataGridControl.CurrentColumn = null; if (DataGridControl.Columns.Count > 0) DataGridControl.Columns.Clear(); var template = (DataTemplate)this.DataGridControl.FindResource("CustomTemplate"); var rowTemplate = (DataTemplate)this.DataGridControl.FindResource("RowHeadTemplate"); DataGridControl.Columns.Add(new Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.Column() { Width = 140, Title = "Name", FieldName = ".", CellContentTemplate = rowTemplate }); var cellEditor = DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors[typeof(SmartCellViewModel)]; for (int index = 0; index < RecipeVariables[0].StepValues.Count; index++) { int width = 1; for (int n = 0; n < RecipeVariables.Count; n++) { string display = RecipeVariables[n].StepValues[index].Display; if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(display)) { int temp = display.Length * 7; width = Math.Max(temp, width); } } width = (int)(width * 1.1); width = Math.Max(width, 80); DataGridControl.Columns.Add(new Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.Column() { Title = string.Format("Step {0}", index + 1), FieldName = string.Format("StepValues[{0}]", index), CellContentTemplate = template, AllowSort = false, Width = width, MaxWidth = width * 2, CellEditor = cellEditor }); } } catch (Exception ex) { }在这个里面我们重点分析下RefreshDataGrid这个子函数，在我们的MainWindowViewModel中我们定义的RecipeVariables是最终绑定到MainWindow中定义的DataGridControl中的ItemsSource,是整个控件的数据源，由于我们这个DataGird的第一列和后面的Step列数据类型不同，所以我们的RefreshDataGrid函数中增加Column列的时候是分作两个部分，第一个部分是单独增加一列，后面的列是通过循环StepValues这个集合来动态进行增加的，代码中我们定义了多少个StepValue，那么后面就会有多少列，这个里面的重点是增加Column的时候FieldName的赋值，这个是十分关键的，这个关系到能够让每一列获取到正确的数据源，例如第一列赋值Filed= “.” 表示直接从当前绑定的数据源获取数据，另外后面的Step列的每一个FieldName是动态进行赋值的，赋值语句是：FieldName = string.Format("StepValues[{0}]", index),这个里面Index是一个动态值，这个是非常关键的一步，另外后面的Step列由于需要通过双击进行编辑所以每一个Column是需要赋值CellEditor对象的，另外这个ViewModel中的DataGridControl是通过构造函数进行赋值的，构造函数中的赋值就是MainWindow中定义的DataGridControl对象，这个在阅读代码时需要特别注意。
4 Models
Models主要是定义的数据集合，我们的代码中主要包括RecipeControlVariable和SmartViewModel这两个部分，这两个部分分别对应DataGridControl的数据源以及双击进行编辑的SmartCellEditor两个部分一一对应。
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