.NET项目在k8s中运行的Dapr持续集成流程

2024-04-02 19:55

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流程选择

基于 Dapr 的项目持续集成包含以下流程

编译并打包项目
构建 Dockerfile,并推送镜像push image至私有仓库
准备 k8s 部署的配置文件
通过 kubectl 部署镜像至 k8s 中

这里面有多种方案

-	Pipeline的操作	Publish的操作	优点	缺点
1. 直接BuildImage并发布	1. 直接使用 Docker Build Image 2. push image 3.复制Yaml至Artifacts	K8s 直接发布对应版本的yaml + 指定Image	直接,操作简单	1. 产生大量不必要的Image 2.持续集成消耗时间较长3.每次持续集成都有Image产生
2. Publish时再进行Build	1. 仅 dotnet publish zip	1. Build Image / Push Image （可选）2. K8S 部署+指定Image	单次部署减慢，多次增快	部署过程会比直接接取镜像慢
3. 仅发布 Zip，并Build一个使用Volume的专署镜像	仅 dotnet publish zip	使用编译好的镜像修改Volume参数	快	跨环境部署时会导致对于文件系统依赖过重

鉴于以上优缺点，最终我选择了第二种折衷方案，这种方案既不影响持续集成的速度，也不会产生过多的镜像，只是在部署时会产生多余的镜像构建时间。

项目结构

每个要发布的API的 project 文件夹中增加以下文件

dapr.yaml

Dockerfile

dapr.yaml

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: demo
  namespace: dapr-api
  labels:
    app: .api
    service: demo
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      service: demo
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: .api
        service: demo
      annotations:
        dapr.io/enabled: "true"
        dapr.io/app-id: "demo-api"
        dapr.io/app-port: "80"
        dapr.io/log-as-json: "true"
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: demo-api
          image: 仓库地址/镜像名:220310.13
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: demo-api
  namespace: dapr-api
  labels:
    app: .api
    service: demo
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    service: demo
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    nodePort: 30004

Dockerfile

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS final
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
COPY ["./projectfolder", "/app"]
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "projectdll.dll"]

这两个文件需要每个项目不同，后面在编译和部署流程中会用到。

Pipelines 持续集成的配置文件

trigger:
  batch: true
pool:
  name: Default
name: $(Date:yy)$(Date:MM)$(Date:dd)$(Rev:.r)

variables:
    BuildConfiguration: 'Release'
steps:
- task: UseDotNet@2
  displayName: 'Check and Install .NET SDK 6.0'
  inputs:
    version: '6.0.x'
    includePreviewVersions: false

- task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
  displayName: 'Publish to zip'
  inputs:
    command: publish
    publishWebProjects: false
    projects: './class="lazy" data-src/projectfolder/project.csproj'
    arguments: '--configuration $(BuildConfiguration) --output $(build.artifactstagingdirectory) -v n'
    zipAfterPublish: false
    workingDirectory: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/class="lazy" data-src'
## 复制上文中的两个文件到 Artifact
- task: CopyFiles@2
  displayName: 'Copy dapr.yaml to: $(build.artifactstagingdirectory)'
  inputs:
    SourceFolder: './class="lazy" data-src/${{ parameters.project }}/'
    Contents: |
      Dockerfile
      dapr.yaml
    TargetFolder: '$(build.artifactstagingdirectory)'
- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
  displayName: 'Publish Artifact'
  inputs:
    PathtoPublish: '$(build.artifactstagingdirectory)'

Release 发布流程配置文件

发布流程新建两个作业

作业1 Build Image

variables:
  image: '自定义镜像名'
steps:
- task: Docker@2
  displayName: buildAndPush
  inputs:
    containerRegistry: harbor
    repository: '$(image)'
    Dockerfile: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/_dapr-demo/drop/Dockerfile'
    tags: '$(Build.BuildNumber)'

作业2 KubeDeploy

variables:
  image: '自定义镜像名,与上文须一致'

steps:
- task: KubernetesManifest@0
  displayName: deploy
  inputs:
    kubernetesServiceConnection: online
    namespace: '$(ns)' ## k8s的部署目标命名空间
    strategy: canary ## 灰度部署策略
    percentage: 50
    manifests: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/_dapr-demo/drop/dapr.yaml'
    containers: '$(harborUrl)/$(image):$(Build.BuildNumber)'

这样，在首次部署时执行全部管道。