如何使用Mysqldump备份和恢复mysql数据库
这篇文章给大家介绍如何使用Mysqldump备份和恢复mysql数据库,内容非常详细,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴,希望对大家能有所帮助。
dump is an effective tool to backup MySQL database. It creates a *.sql file with DROP table, CREATE table and INSERT into sql-statements of the source database. To restore the database, execute the *.sql file on destination database. For MyISAM, use mysqlhotcopy method that we explained earlier, as it is faster for MyISAM tables.
Using mysqldump, you can backup a local database and restore it on a remote database at the same time, using a single command. In this article, let us review several practical examples on how to use mysqldump to backup and restore.
For the impatient, here is the quick snippet of how backup and restore MySQL database using mysqldump:
backup: # mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql
restore:# mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql
How To Backup MySQL database
1. Backup a single database:
This example takes a backup of sugarcrm database and dumps the output to sugarcrm.sql
# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword sugarcrm > sugarcrm.sql
# mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql
The sugarcrm.sql will contain drop table, create table and insert command for all the tables in the sugarcrm database. Following is a partial output of sugarcrm.sql, showing the dump information of accounts_contacts table:
--
-- Table structure for table `accounts_contacts`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `accounts_contacts`; SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client;
SET character_set_client = utf8;
CREATE TABLE `accounts_contacts` (
`id` varchar(36) NOT NULL,
`contact_id` varchar(36) default NULL,
`account_id` varchar(36) default NULL,
`date_modified` datetime default NULL,
`deleted` tinyint(1) NOT NULL default '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `idx_account_contact` (`account_id`,`contact_id`),
KEY `idx_contid_del_accid` (`contact_id`,`deleted`,`account_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client;
--
-- Dumping data for table `accounts_contacts`
--
LOCK TABLES `accounts_contacts` WRITE;
;
INSERT INTO `accounts_contacts` VALUES ('6ff90374-26d1-5fd8-b844-4873b2e42091',
'11ba0239-c7cf-e87e-e266-4873b218a3f9','503a06a8-0650-6fdd-22ae-4873b245ae53',
'2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),
('83126e77-eeda-f335-dc1b-4873bc805541','7c525b1c-8a11-d803-94a5-4873bc4ff7d2',
'80a6add6-81ed-0266-6db5-4873bc54bfb5','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),
('4e800b97-c09f-7896-d3d7-48751d81d5ee','f241c222-b91a-d7a9-f355-48751d6bc0f9',
'27060688-1f44-9f10-bdc4-48751db40009','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),
('c94917ea-3664-8430-e003-487be0817f41','c564b7f3-2923-30b5-4861-487be0f70cb3',
'c71eff65-b76b-cbb0-d31a-487be06e4e0b','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),
('7dab11e1-64d3-ea6a-c62c-487ce17e4e41','79d6f6e5-50e5-9b2b-034b-487ce1dae5af',
'7b886f23-571b-595b-19dd-487ce1eee867','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1);
;
UNLOCK TABLES;
2. Backup multiple databases:
If you want to backup multiple databases, first identify the databases that you want to backup using the show databases as shown below:
# mysql -u root -ptmppassword
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| bugs |
| mysql |
| sugarcr |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
For example, if you want to take backup of both sugarcrm and bugs database, execute the mysqldump as shown below:
# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword --databases bugs sugarcrm > bugs_sugarcrm.sql
Verify the bugs_sugarcrm.sql dumpfile contains both the database backup.
# grep -i "Current database:" /tmp/bugs_sugarcrm.sql
-- Current Database: `mysql`
-- Current Database: `sugarcrm`
3. Backup all the databases:
The following example takes a backup of all the database of the MySQL instance.
# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword --all-databases > /tmp/all-database.sql
4. Backup a specific table:
In this example, we backup only the accounts_contacts table from sugarcrm database.
# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword sugarcrm accounts_contacts \ > /tmp/sugarcrm_accounts_contacts.sql
4. Different mysqldump group options:
–opt is a group option, which is same as –add-drop-table, –add-locks, –create-options, –quick, –extended-insert, –lock-tables, –set-charset, and –disable-keys. opt is enabled by default, disable with –skip-opt.
–compact is a group option, which gives less verbose output (useful for debugging). Disables structure comments and header/footer constructs. Enables options –skip-add-drop-table –no-set-names –skip-disable-keys –skip-add-locks
How To Restore MySQL database
1. Restore a database
In this example, to restore the sugarcrm database, execute mysql with < as shown below. When you are restoring the dumpfilename.sql on a remote database, make sure to create the sugarcrm database before you can perform the restore.
# mysql -u root -ptmppassword
mysql> create database sugarcrm;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
# mysql -u root -ptmppassword sugarcrm < /tmp/sugarcrm.sql
# mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql
2. Backup a local database and restore to remote server using single command:
This is a sleek option, if you want to keep a read-only database on the remote-server, which is a copy of the master database on local-server. The example below will backup the sugarcrm database on the local-server and restore it as sugarcrm1 database on the remote-server. Please note that you should first create the sugarcrm1 database on the remote-server before executing the following command.
[local-server]# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword sugarcrm | mysql \ -u root -ptmppassword --host=remote-server -C sugarcrm1 [Note: There are two -- (hyphen) in front of host]
关于如何使用Mysqldump备份和恢复mysql数据库就分享到这里了,希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助,可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错,可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
免责声明:
① 本站未注明“稿件来源”的信息均来自网络整理。其文字、图片和音视频稿件的所属权归原作者所有。本站收集整理出于非商业性的教育和科研之目的,并不意味着本站赞同其观点或证实其内容的真实性。仅作为临时的测试数据,供内部测试之用。本站并未授权任何人以任何方式主动获取本站任何信息。
② 本站未注明“稿件来源”的临时测试数据将在测试完成后最终做删除处理。有问题或投稿请发送至: 邮箱/279061341@qq.com QQ/279061341