Spring cache源码分析
今天小编给大家分享一下Spring cache源码分析的相关知识点,内容详细,逻辑清晰,相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识,所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获,下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
题外话:如何阅读开源代码?
有2种方法,可以结合起来使用:
静态代码阅读:查找关键类、方法的usage之处,熟练使用find usages功能,找到所有相关的类、方法,静态分析核心逻辑的执行过程,一步步追根问底,直至建立全貌
运行时debug:在关键方法上加上断点,并且写一个单元测试调用类库/框架,熟练使用step into/step over/resume来动态分析代码的执行过程
核心类图
如图所示,可以分成以下几类class:
Cache、CacheManager:Cache抽象了缓存的通用操作,如get、put,而CacheManager是Cache的集合,之所以需要多个Cache对象,是因为需要多种缓存失效时间、缓存条目上限等
CacheInterceptor、CacheAspectSupport、AbstractCacheInvoker:CacheInterceptor是一个AOP方法拦截器,在方法前后做额外的逻辑,也即查询缓存、写入缓存等,它继承了CacheAspectSupport(缓存操作的主体逻辑)、AbstractCacheInvoker(封装了对Cache的读写)
CacheOperation、AnnotationCacheOperationSource、SpringCacheAnnotationParser:CacheOperation定义了缓存操作的缓存名字、缓存key、缓存条件condition、CacheManager等,AnnotationCacheOperationSource是一个获取缓存注解对应CacheOperation的类,而SpringCacheAnnotationParser是真正解析注解的类,解析后会封装成CacheOperation集合供AnnotationCacheOperationSource查找
源码分析(带注释解释)
下面对Spring cache源码做分析,带注释解释,只摘录核心代码片段。
1、解析注解
首先看看注解是如何解析的。注解只是一个标记,要让它真正工作起来,需要对注解做解析操作,并且还要有对应的实际逻辑。
SpringCacheAnnotationParser:负责解析注解,返回CacheOperation集合
public class SpringCacheAnnotationParser implements CacheAnnotationParser, Serializable { // 解析类级别的缓存注解@Overridepublic Collection<CacheOperation> parseCacheAnnotations(Class<?> type) {DefaultCacheConfig defaultConfig = getDefaultCacheConfig(type);return parseCacheAnnotations(defaultConfig, type);} // 解析方法级别的缓存注解@Overridepublic Collection<CacheOperation> parseCacheAnnotations(Method method) {DefaultCacheConfig defaultConfig = getDefaultCacheConfig(method.getDeclaringClass());return parseCacheAnnotations(defaultConfig, method);} // 解析缓存注解private Collection<CacheOperation> parseCacheAnnotations(DefaultCacheConfig cachingConfig, AnnotatedElement ae) {Collection<CacheOperation> ops = null; // 解析@Cacheable注解Collection<Cacheable> cacheables = AnnotatedElementUtils.getAllMergedAnnotations(ae, Cacheable.class);if (!cacheables.isEmpty()) {ops = lazyInit(ops);for (Cacheable cacheable : cacheables) {ops.add(parseCacheableAnnotation(ae, cachingConfig, cacheable));}} // 解析@CacheEvict注解Collection<CacheEvict> evicts = AnnotatedElementUtils.getAllMergedAnnotations(ae, CacheEvict.class);if (!evicts.isEmpty()) {ops = lazyInit(ops);for (CacheEvict evict : evicts) {ops.add(parseEvictAnnotation(ae, cachingConfig, evict));}} // 解析@CachePut注解Collection<CachePut> puts = AnnotatedElementUtils.getAllMergedAnnotations(ae, CachePut.class);if (!puts.isEmpty()) {ops = lazyInit(ops);for (CachePut put : puts) {ops.add(parsePutAnnotation(ae, cachingConfig, put));}} // 解析@Caching注解Collection<Caching> cachings = AnnotatedElementUtils.getAllMergedAnnotations(ae, Caching.class);if (!cachings.isEmpty()) {ops = lazyInit(ops);for (Caching caching : cachings) {Collection<CacheOperation> cachingOps = parseCachingAnnotation(ae, cachingConfig, caching);if (cachingOps != null) {ops.addAll(cachingOps);}}}return ops;}
AnnotationCacheOperationSource:调用SpringCacheAnnotationParser获取注解对应CacheOperation
public class AnnotationCacheOperationSource extends AbstractFallbackCacheOperationSource implements Serializable { // 查找类级别的CacheOperation列表@Overrideprotected Collection<CacheOperation> findCacheOperations(final Class<?> clazz) {return determineCacheOperations(new CacheOperationProvider() {@Overridepublic Collection<CacheOperation> getCacheOperations(CacheAnnotationParser parser) {return parser.parseCacheAnnotations(clazz);}});} // 查找方法级别的CacheOperation列表@Overrideprotected Collection<CacheOperation> findCacheOperations(final Method method) {return determineCacheOperations(new CacheOperationProvider() {@Overridepublic Collection<CacheOperation> getCacheOperations(CacheAnnotationParser parser) {return parser.parseCacheAnnotations(method);}});}}
AbstractFallbackCacheOperationSource:AnnotationCacheOperationSource的父类,实现了获取CacheOperation的通用逻辑
public abstract class AbstractFallbackCacheOperationSource implements CacheOperationSource {private final Map<Object, Collection<CacheOperation>> attributeCache =new ConcurrentHashMap<Object, Collection<CacheOperation>>(1024);// 根据Method、Class反射信息,获取对应的CacheOperation列表@Overridepublic Collection<CacheOperation> getCacheOperations(Method method, Class<?> targetClass) {if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {return null;}Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(method, targetClass);Collection<CacheOperation> cached = this.attributeCache.get(cacheKey); // 因解析反射信息较耗时,所以用map缓存,避免重复计算 // 如在map里已记录,直接返回if (cached != null) {return (cached != NULL_CACHING_ATTRIBUTE ? cached : null);} // 否则做一次计算,然后写入mapelse {Collection<CacheOperation> cacheOps = computeCacheOperations(method, targetClass);if (cacheOps != null) {if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Adding cacheable method '" + method.getName() + "' with attribute: " + cacheOps);}this.attributeCache.put(cacheKey, cacheOps);}else {this.attributeCache.put(cacheKey, NULL_CACHING_ATTRIBUTE);}return cacheOps;}} // 计算缓存操作列表,优先用target代理类的方法上的注解,如果不存在则其次用target代理类,再次用原始类的方法,最后用原始类private Collection<CacheOperation> computeCacheOperations(Method method, Class<?> targetClass) {// Don't allow no-public methods as required.if (allowPublicMethodsOnly() && !Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers())) {return null;}// The method may be on an interface, but we need attributes from the target class.// If the target class is null, the method will be unchanged.Method specificMethod = ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, targetClass);// If we are dealing with method with generic parameters, find the original method.specificMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(specificMethod); // 调用findCacheOperations(由子类AnnotationCacheOperationSource实现),最终通过SpringCacheAnnotationParser来解析// First try is the method in the target class.Collection<CacheOperation> opDef = findCacheOperations(specificMethod);if (opDef != null) {return opDef;}// Second try is the caching operation on the target class.opDef = findCacheOperations(specificMethod.getDeclaringClass());if (opDef != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {return opDef;}if (specificMethod != method) {// Fallback is to look at the original method.opDef = findCacheOperations(method);if (opDef != null) {return opDef;}// Last fallback is the class of the original method.opDef = findCacheOperations(method.getDeclaringClass());if (opDef != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {return opDef;}}return null;}
2、逻辑执行
以@Cacheable背后的逻辑为例。预期是先查缓存,如果缓存命中了就直接使用缓存值,否则执行业务逻辑,并把结果写入缓存。
ProxyCachingConfiguration:是一个配置类,用于生成CacheInterceptor类和CacheOperationSource类的Spring bean
CacheInterceptor:是一个AOP方法拦截器,它通过CacheOperationSource获取第1步解析注解的CacheOperation结果(如缓存名字、缓存key、condition条件),本质上是拦截原始方法的执行,在之前、之后增加逻辑
// 核心类,缓存拦截器public class CacheInterceptor extends CacheAspectSupport implements MethodInterceptor, Serializable { // 拦截原始方法的执行,在之前、之后增加逻辑@Overridepublic Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {Method method = invocation.getMethod(); // 封装原始方法的执行到一个回调接口,便于后续调用CacheOperationInvoker aopAllianceInvoker = new CacheOperationInvoker() {@Overridepublic Object invoke() {try { // 原始方法的执行return invocation.proceed();}catch (Throwable ex) {throw new ThrowableWrapper(ex);}}};try { // 调用父类CacheAspectSupport的方法return execute(aopAllianceInvoker, invocation.getThis(), method, invocation.getArguments());}catch (CacheOperationInvoker.ThrowableWrapper th) {throw th.getOriginal();}}}
CacheAspectSupport:缓存切面支持类,是CacheInterceptor的父类,封装了所有的缓存操作的主体逻辑
主要流程如下:
通过CacheOperationSource,获取所有的CacheOperation列表
如果有@CacheEvict注解、并且标记为在调用前执行,则做删除/清空缓存的操作
如果有@Cacheable注解,查询缓存
如果缓存未命中(查询结果为null),则新增到cachePutRequests,后续执行原始方法后会写入缓存
缓存命中时,使用缓存值作为结果;缓存未命中、或有@CachePut注解时,需要调用原始方法,使用原始方法的返回值作为结果
如果有@CachePut注解,则新增到cachePutRequests
如果缓存未命中,则把查询结果值写入缓存;如果有@CachePut注解,也把方法执行结果写入缓存
如果有@CacheEvict注解、并且标记为在调用后执行,则做删除/清空缓存的操作
// 核心类,缓存切面支持类,封装了所有的缓存操作的主体逻辑public abstract class CacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvokerimplements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean, SmartInitializingSingleton { // CacheInterceptor调父类的该方法protected Object execute(CacheOperationInvoker invoker, Object target, Method method, Object[] args) {// Check whether aspect is enabled (to cope with cases where the AJ is pulled in automatically)if (this.initialized) {Class<?> targetClass = getTargetClass(target); // 通过CacheOperationSource,获取所有的CacheOperation列表Collection<CacheOperation> operations = getCacheOperationSource().getCacheOperations(method, targetClass);if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(operations)) { // 继续调一个private的execute方法执行return execute(invoker, method, new CacheOperationContexts(operations, method, args, target, targetClass));}} // 如果spring bean未初始化完成,则直接调用原始方法。相当于原始方法没有缓存功能。return invoker.invoke();} private的execute方法private Object execute(final CacheOperationInvoker invoker, Method method, CacheOperationContexts contexts) {// Special handling of synchronized invocationif (contexts.isSynchronized()) {CacheOperationContext context = contexts.get(CacheableOperation.class).iterator().next();if (isConditionPassing(context, CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT)) {Object key = generateKey(context, CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT);Cache cache = context.getCaches().iterator().next();try {return wrapCacheValue(method, cache.get(key, new Callable<Object>() {@Overridepublic Object call() throws Exception {return unwrapReturnValue(invokeOperation(invoker));}}));}catch (Cache.ValueRetrievalException ex) {// The invoker wraps any Throwable in a ThrowableWrapper instance so we// can just make sure that one bubbles up the stack.throw (CacheOperationInvoker.ThrowableWrapper) ex.getCause();}}else {// No caching required, only call the underlying methodreturn invokeOperation(invoker);}} // 如果有@CacheEvict注解、并且标记为在调用前执行,则做删除/清空缓存的操作// Process any early evictionsprocessCacheEvicts(contexts.get(CacheEvictOperation.class), true,CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT); // 如果有@Cacheable注解,查询缓存// Check if we have a cached item matching the conditionsCache.ValueWrapper cacheHit = findCachedItem(contexts.get(CacheableOperation.class)); // 如果缓存未命中(查询结果为null),则新增到cachePutRequests,后续执行原始方法后会写入缓存// Collect puts from any @Cacheable miss, if no cached item is foundList<CachePutRequest> cachePutRequests = new LinkedList<CachePutRequest>();if (cacheHit == null) {collectPutRequests(contexts.get(CacheableOperation.class),CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT, cachePutRequests);}Object cacheValue;Object returnValue;if (cacheHit != null && cachePutRequests.isEmpty() && !hasCachePut(contexts)) { // 缓存命中的情况,使用缓存值作为结果// If there are no put requests, just use the cache hitcacheValue = cacheHit.get();returnValue = wrapCacheValue(method, cacheValue);}else { // 缓存未命中、或有@CachePut注解的情况,需要调用原始方法// Invoke the method if we don't have a cache hit // 调用原始方法,得到结果值returnValue = invokeOperation(invoker);cacheValue = unwrapReturnValue(returnValue);} // 如果有@CachePut注解,则新增到cachePutRequests// Collect any explicit @CachePutscollectPutRequests(contexts.get(CachePutOperation.class), cacheValue, cachePutRequests); // 如果缓存未命中,则把查询结果值写入缓存;如果有@CachePut注解,也把方法执行结果写入缓存// Process any collected put requests, either from @CachePut or a @Cacheable missfor (CachePutRequest cachePutRequest : cachePutRequests) {cachePutRequest.apply(cacheValue);} // 如果有@CacheEvict注解、并且标记为在调用后执行,则做删除/清空缓存的操作// Process any late evictionsprocessCacheEvicts(contexts.get(CacheEvictOperation.class), false, cacheValue);return returnValue;}private Cache.ValueWrapper findCachedItem(Collection<CacheOperationContext> contexts) {Object result = CacheOperationExpressionEvaluator.NO_RESULT;for (CacheOperationContext context : contexts) { // 如果满足condition条件,才查询缓存if (isConditionPassing(context, result)) { // 生成缓存key,如果注解中指定了key,则按照Spring表达式解析,否则使用KeyGenerator类生成Object key = generateKey(context, result); // 根据缓存key,查询缓存值Cache.ValueWrapper cached = findInCaches(context, key);if (cached != null) {return cached;}else {if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("No cache entry for key '" + key + "' in cache(s) " + context.getCacheNames());}}}}return null;}private Cache.ValueWrapper findInCaches(CacheOperationContext context, Object key) {for (Cache cache : context.getCaches()) { // 调用父类AbstractCacheInvoker的doGet方法,查询缓存Cache.ValueWrapper wrapper = doGet(cache, key);if (wrapper != null) {if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("Cache entry for key '" + key + "' found in cache '" + cache.getName() + "'");}return wrapper;}}return null;}
AbstractCacheInvoker:CacheAspectSupport的父类,封装了最终查询Cache接口的逻辑
public abstract class AbstractCacheInvoker { // 最终查询缓存的方法protected Cache.ValueWrapper doGet(Cache cache, Object key) {try { // 调用Spring Cache接口的查询方法return cache.get(key);}catch (RuntimeException ex) {getErrorHandler().handleCacheGetError(ex, cache, key);return null; // If the exception is handled, return a cache miss}}}
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