一、python assert的作用:
根据Python 官方文档解释(https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#assert), "Assert statements are a convenient way to insert debugging assertions into a program".
二、一般的用法是:
1 assert condition
2 用来让程序测试这个condition,如果condition为false,那么raise一个AssertionError出来。逻辑上等同于:
3
4 if not condition:
5 raise AssertionError()
例如:
1 >>> assert 1==1
2 >>> assert 1==0
3 Traceback (most recent call last):
4 File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in <module>
5 assert 1==0
6 AssertionError
7 >>> assert True
8 >>> assert False
9 Traceback (most recent call last):
10 File "<pyshell#3>", line 1, in <module>
11 assert False
12 AssertionError
13 >>> assert 3<2
14 Traceback (most recent call last):
15 File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module>
16 assert 3<2
17 AssertionError
三、如何为assert断言语句添加异常参数
assert的异常参数,其实就是在断言表达式后添加字符串信息,用来解释断言并更好的知道是哪里出了问题。格式如下:
assert expression [, arguments]
assert 表达式 [, 参数]
例如:
1 >>> assert len(lists) >=5,'列表元素个数小于5'
2 Traceback (most recent call last):
3 File "D:/Data/Python/helloworld/helloworld.py", line 1, in <module>
4 assert 2>=5,'列表元素个数小于5'
5 AssertionError: 列表元素个数小于5
6 >>> assert 2==1,'2不等于1'
7 Traceback (most recent call last):
8 File "D:/Data/Python/helloworld/helloworld.py", line 1, in <module>
9 assert 2==1,'2不等于1'
10 AssertionError: 2不等于1