Springboot使用redis实现接口Api限流的示例代码
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前言
该篇介绍的内容如题，就是利用redis实现接口的限流（ 某时间范围内 最大的访问次数 ） 。
正文
惯例，先看下我们的实战目录结构：
首先是pom.xml 核心依赖：
<!--用于redis数据库连接-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--用于redis lettuce 连接池pool使用-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>然后是application.yml里面的redis接入配置：
spring:
redis:
lettuce:
pool:
#连接池最大连接数 使用负值代表无限制 默认为8
max-active: 10
#最大空闲连接 默认8
max-idle: 10
#最小空闲连接 默认0
min-idle: 1
host: 127.0.0.1
password: 123456
port: 6379
database: 0
timeout: 2000ms
server:
port: 8710redis的配置类， RedisConfig.java：
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import static org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig;
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration =
defaultCacheConfig()
.disableCachingNullValues()
.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class)));
return RedisCacheManager.builder(connectionFactory).cacheDefaults(cacheConfiguration).build();
}
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
//序列化设置 ，这样为了存储操作对象时正常显示的数据，也能正常存储和获取
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();
stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
return stringRedisTemplate;
}
}自定义注解：
import java.lang.annotation.*;
@Inherited
@Documented
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface RequestLimit {
int second() default 10;
int maxCount() default 5;
//默认效果 ： 10秒内 对于使用该注解的接口，只能总请求访问数 不能大于 5次
}接下来是拦截器 RequestLimitInterceptor.java：
拦截接口的方式 是通过 ip地址+接口url ，做时间内的访问计数
import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.RequestLimit;
import com.elegant.testdemo.utils.IpUtil;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
public class RequestLimitInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
try {
if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
// 获取RequestLimit注解
RequestLimit requestLimit = handlerMethod.getMethodAnnotation(RequestLimit.class);
if (null==requestLimit) {
return true;
}
//限制的时间范围
int seconds = requestLimit.second();
//时间内的 最大次数
int maxCount = requestLimit.maxCount();
String ipAddr = IpUtil.getIpAddr(request);
// 存储key
String key = ipAddr+":"+request.getContextPath() + ":" + request.getServletPath();
// 已经访问的次数
Integer count = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
log.info("检测到目前ip对接口={}已经访问的次数", request.getServletPath() , count);
if (null == count || -1 == count) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, 1, seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
return true;
}
if (count < maxCount) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key);
return true;
}
log.warn("请求过于频繁请稍后再试");
returnData(response);
return false;
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.warn("请求过于频繁请稍后再试");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
public void returnData(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
//这里传提示语可以改成自己项目的返回数据封装的类
response.getWriter().println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString("请求过于频繁请稍后再试"));
return;
}
}接下来是 拦截器的配置 WebConfig.java:
import com.elegant.testdemo.interceptor.RequestLimitInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Autowired
private RequestLimitInterceptor requestLimitInterceptor;
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(requestLimitInterceptor)
//拦截所有请求路径
.addPathPatterns("
public class IpUtil {
public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ipAddress = null;
try {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
if (ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1")) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ipAddress = inet.getHostAddress();
}
}
// 对于通过多个代理的情况，第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress.length() > 15) { // "***.***.***.***".length()
// = 15
if (ipAddress.indexOf(",") > 0) {
ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, ipAddress.indexOf(","));
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
ipAddress="";
}
// ipAddress = this.getRequest().getRemoteAddr();
return ipAddress;
}
}RedisUtil :
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
@Component
public class RedisUtils {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
public boolean set(final String key, Object value) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public boolean setWithTime(final String key, Object value,int seconds) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value,seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public void remove(final String... keys) {
for (String key : keys) {
remove(key);
}
}
public void removePattern(final String pattern) {
Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
if (keys.size() > 0)
redisTemplate.delete(keys);
}
public void remove(final String key) {
if (exists(key)) {
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
}
public boolean exists(final String key) {
return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
}
public Object get(final String key) {
Object result = null;
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
result = operations.get(key);
return result;
}
public void hmSet(String key, Object hashKey, Object value) {
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hash.put(key, hashKey, value);
}
public Object hmGet(String key, Object hashKey) {
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hash.get(key, hashKey);
}
public void lPush(String k, Object v) {
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
list.rightPush(k, v);
}
public List<Object> lRange(String k, long l, long l1) {
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return list.range(k, l, l1);
}
public void add(String key, Object value) {
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
set.add(key, value);
}
public Set<Object> setMembers(String key) {
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return set.members(key);
}
public void zAdd(String key, Object value, double scoure) {
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
zset.add(key, value, scoure);
}
public Set<Object> rangeByScore(String key, double scoure, double scoure1) {
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zset.rangeByScore(key, scoure, scoure1);
}
public Set<Integer> sGet(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
public boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
}最后写个测试接口
TestController.java
import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.RequestLimit;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/test")
@RequestLimit(maxCount = 3,second = 60)
public String test() {
return "你好，如果对你有帮助，请点赞加关注。";
}
}这个/test接口的注解，我们设置的是 60秒内 最大访问次数为 3次 （实际应用应该是根据具体接口做相关的次数限制。）
然后使用postman测试一下接口：
前面三次都是请求通过的：
第四次：
ok，就先到这。
到此这篇关于Springboot使用redis实现接口Api限流的示例代码的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Springboot redis接口限流内容请搜索编程网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程网！
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