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oracle rac 11.0.2.4初学者简要安装步骤

2024-04-02 19:55

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oracle rac 11.0.2.4初学者简要安装步骤

1.VMware环境：两台安装linux的虚拟机，本次我使用的red hat 6.8，每台两个网卡public/private。

搞几个共享磁盘出来

cmd切换到VMware安装目录下，执行创建共享磁盘.

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\data.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk

改虚拟机的.vmx文件，文件末尾添加刚才创建的虚拟磁盘.

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.filename = "C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:5.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:5.filename = "C:\share_disk\data.vmdk"

scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"

disk.locking = "false"

disk.EnableUUID = "true"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

2.开机检查两台主机都可以看到刚添加的共享盘，检查swap空间。

内存	Swap
1 - 2 GB	内存的1.5倍
2-16GB	和内存相等
>16GB	16 GB

3.操作系统配置

3.1关闭selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

3.2关闭iptables

rhel6

service iptables stop

chkconfig ip6tables off

chkconfig iptables off

rhel7

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

firewall-cmd --state

3.3改IP地址，改hosts文件

cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF

2.2.2.10 rac1

2.2.2.11 rac1-vip

2.2.2.20 rac2

2.2.2.21 rac2-vip

2.2.2.15 rac-scan

192.168.88.200 rac1-priv

192.168.88.201 rac2-priv

EOF

禁用ntp，oracle rac中会使用ctss来同步集群时间.

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

3.4内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

EOF

sysctl -p

3.5Limits

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

12C：

grid soft stack 10240

oracle soft stack 10240

3.6 pam

echo session required pam_limits.so >> /etc/pam.d/login

3.7 profile

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

umask 022

EOF

3.8 新建用户及更改环境变量.

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

##passwd oracle

echo "oracle:oracle" | chpasswd

##passwd grid

echo "grid:grid" | chpasswd

##Oracle Inventory目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

##Grid Home目录

mkdir -p /u01/11.2.0/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/12.2.0/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/11.2.0/grid

##Oracle Base目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

##Oracle Home目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/

12C：grid $ORACLE_BASE

mkdir /u01/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/grid

##oracle用户.bash_profile添加

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=jicheng1 ##rac2为jicheng2

export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk

export PATH=.:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/ u01/11.2.0/grid/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

##grid用户.bash_profile添加

vi /home/grid/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#12C export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 ##rac2为ASM2

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

3.9 操作系统配置结束，reboot两台机器（改配置文件关selinux重启生效）

4.ASM盘，可以使用ASMlib和udev方式来绑定，本次使用udev来绑定ASM磁盘

取共享磁盘ssid，创建文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules并写入，往rac2节点拷贝一份，同样启动start_udev

rhel6

for i in sdb sdc sdd sde sdf; do UUID=`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$i` ; echo 'KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="'$UUID'", NAME="asm-'$i'", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"'; done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules ; cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

start_udev

ll /dev/asm*

scp /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules 2.2.2.20:/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

rac2 :

start_udev

ll /dev/asm*

rhel7

for i in b c d e f

UUID=`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`

echo 'KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="'$UUID'", SYMLINK+="asm-disk'$i'",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"'

done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

udevadm control --reload-rules

5.上传文件，安装依赖包，图形界面安装grid，oracle数据库软件，DBCA建库。

5.1安装依赖包，配好yum装吧

yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc ksh libaio libgcc libstdc++ make compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel

5.2图形界面grid用户运行 ./runInstaller

installation type 选高级.

oracle rac 11.0.2.4初学者简要安装步骤