Python中怎么用Pygame实现打砖块小游戏
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一、准备中
1）游戏规则：
把所有砖块都清除后，还能继续进入下一轮挑战
初始化每个玩家2次机会，打完所有砖块儿即可胜利，否则失败游戏不过关！
（关卡素材、背景音乐等比较少也不展示了需要的主页源码基地见哈）
2）环境安装
本文用到的环境：Python3、Pycharm、Pygame模块以及部分自带。
环境安装：pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ +模块名
二、开始敲代码
1）配置文件
import os '''游戏界面一些数值'''SCREENWIDTH = 640SCREENHEIGHT = 480BRICKWIDTH = 10BRICKHEIGHT = 10PADDLEWIDTH = 60PADDLEHEIGHT = 12BALLRADIUS = 8'''游戏素材路径'''FONTPATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'resources/font/font.TTF')HITSOUNDPATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'resources/audios/hit.wav')BGMPATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'resources/audios/bgm.mp3')LEVELROOTPATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'resources/levels')LEVELPATHS = [os.path.join(LEVELROOTPATH, '%s.level' % str(i+1)) for i in range(len(os.listdir(LEVELROOTPATH)))]'''一些颜色'''BLACK = (0, 0, 0)WHITE = (255, 255, 255)PINK = (212, 149, 174) PURPLE = (168, 152, 191)YELLOW = (245, 237, 162)BLUE = (51, 170, 230)AQUA = (182, 225, 225)2）定义一些类
import randomimport pygame '''板子'''class Paddle(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT, **kwargs): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.init_state = [x, y, width, height] self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height) self.base_speed = 10 self.SCREENWIDTH = SCREENWIDTH self.SCREENHEIGHT = SCREENHEIGHT '''移动板子''' def move(self, direction): if direction == 'left': self.rect.left = max(0, self.rect.left-self.base_speed) elif direction == 'right': self.rect.right = min(self.SCREENWIDTH, self.rect.right+self.base_speed) else: raise ValueError('Paddle.move.direction unsupport %s...' % direction) return True '''绑定到屏幕上''' def draw(self, screen, color): pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, self.rect) return True '''重置''' def reset(self): self.rect = pygame.Rect(self.init_state[0], self.init_state[1], self.init_state[2], self.init_state[3]) return True '''球'''class Ball(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, radius, SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT, **kwargs): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.init_state = [x, y, radius*2, radius*2] self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, radius*2, radius*2) self.base_speed = [5, 5] self.direction = [random.choice([1, -1]), -1] self.radius = radius self.SCREENWIDTH = SCREENWIDTH self.SCREENHEIGHT = SCREENHEIGHT '''移动球''' def move(self): self.rect.left += self.direction[0] * self.base_speed[0] self.rect.top += self.direction[1] * self.base_speed[1] if self.rect.left <= 0: self.rect.left = 0 self.direction[0] = -self.direction[0] elif self.rect.right >= self.SCREENWIDTH: self.rect.right = self.SCREENWIDTH self.direction[0] = -self.direction[0] if self.rect.top <= 0: self.rect.top = 0 self.direction[1] = -self.direction[1] elif self.rect.bottom >= self.SCREENHEIGHT: return False return True '''改变运动速度和方向(与拍相撞时)''' def change(self): self.base_speed = [random.choice([4, 5, 6]), random.choice([4, 5, 6])] self.direction = [random.choice([1, -1]), -1] return True '''绑定到屏幕上''' def draw(self, screen, color): pygame.draw.circle(screen, color, (self.rect.left+self.radius, self.rect.top+self.radius), self.radius) return True '''重置''' def reset(self): self.rect = pygame.Rect(self.init_state[0], self.init_state[1], self.init_state[2], self.init_state[3]) return True '''砖块'''class Brick(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, **kwargs): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.init_state = [x, y, width, height] self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height) '''绑定到屏幕上''' def draw(self, screen, color): pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, self.rect) return True '''重置''' def reset(self): self.rect = pygame.Rect(self.init_state[0], self.init_state[1], self.init_state[2], self.init_state[3]) return True3）定义开始、结束界面
'''开始界面''' def __startInterface(self): clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE): pygame.quit() sys.exit(-1) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN: return self.screen.fill(self.cfg.AQUA) text1 = 'Press <Enter> to start the game' text2 = 'Press <Esc> to quit the game' text_render1 = self.font_big.render(text1, False, self.cfg.BLUE) text_render2 = self.font_big.render(text2, False, self.cfg.BLUE) self.screen.blit(text_render1, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render1.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render1.get_rect().height)//4)) self.screen.blit(text_render2, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render2.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render2.get_rect().height)//2)) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(30) '''结束界面''' def __endInterface(self, is_win): if is_win: text1 = 'Congratulations! You win!' else: text1 = 'Game Over! You fail!' text2 = 'Press <R> to restart the game' text3 = 'Press <Esc> to quit the game.' clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE): pygame.quit() sys.exit(-1) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_r: return self.screen.fill(self.cfg.AQUA) text_render1 = self.font_big.render(text1, False, self.cfg.BLUE) text_render2 = self.font_big.render(text2, False, self.cfg.BLUE) text_render3 = self.font_big.render(text3, False, self.cfg.BLUE) self.screen.blit(text_render1, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render1.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render1.get_rect().height)//4)) self.screen.blit(text_render2, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render2.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render2.get_rect().height)//2)) self.screen.blit(text_render3, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render3.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render2.get_rect().height)//1.5)) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(30)4）定义游戏
'''打砖块游戏'''class breakoutClone(): def __init__(self, cfg, **kwargs): pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('Breakout clone ') pygame.mixer.init() self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((cfg.SCREENWIDTH, cfg.SCREENHEIGHT)) self.font_small = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONTPATH, 20) self.font_big = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONTPATH, 30) self.hit_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(cfg.HITSOUNDPATH) pygame.mixer.music.load(cfg.BGMPATH) pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0) self.cfg = cfg '''运行游戏''' def run(self): while True: self.__startInterface() for idx, levelpath in enumerate(self.cfg.LEVELPATHS): state = self.__runLevel(levelpath) if idx == len(self.cfg.LEVELPATHS)-1: break if state == 'win': self.__nextLevel() else: break if state == 'fail': self.__endInterface(False) else: self.__endInterface(True) '''运行某关卡''' def __runLevel(self, levelpath): score = 0 num_lives = 2 # running: 游戏正在进行, fail: 游戏失败, win: 游戏成功. state = 'running' paddle = Paddle((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-self.cfg.PADDLEWIDTH)/2, self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-self.cfg.PADDLEHEIGHT-10, self.cfg.PADDLEWIDTH, self.cfg.PADDLEHEIGHT, self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH, self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT) ball = Ball(paddle.rect.centerx-self.cfg.BALLRADIUS, paddle.rect.top-self.cfg.BALLRADIUS*2, self.cfg.BALLRADIUS, self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH, self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT) brick_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group() brick_positions = loadLevel(levelpath) for bp in brick_positions: brick_sprites.add(Brick(bp[0]*self.cfg.BRICKWIDTH, bp[1]*self.cfg.BRICKHEIGHT, self.cfg.BRICKWIDTH, self.cfg.BRICKHEIGHT)) clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: if state != 'running': return state for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit(-1) keys_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed() if keys_pressed[pygame.K_LEFT]: paddle.move('left') elif keys_pressed[pygame.K_RIGHT]: paddle.move('right') self.screen.fill(self.cfg.AQUA) is_alive = ball.move() # 判断有没有接住球 if not is_alive: ball.reset() paddle.reset() num_lives -= 1 if num_lives == 0: state = 'fail' # 球和砖块碰撞检测 num_bricks = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(ball, brick_sprites, True) score += len(num_bricks) # 球和拍碰撞检测 if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(ball, paddle): ball.change() # 判断砖块是否已经打完 if len(brick_sprites) == 0: state = 'win' # 将游戏精灵绑定到屏幕 paddle.draw(self.screen, self.cfg.PURPLE) ball.draw(self.screen, self.cfg.WHITE) for brick in brick_sprites: brick.draw(self.screen, self.cfg.YELLOW) text_render = self.font_small.render('SCORE: %s, LIVES: %s' % (score, num_lives), False, self.cfg.BLUE) self.screen.blit(text_render, (10, 10)) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(50) '''关卡切换''' def __nextLevel(self): clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit(-1) if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN: return self.screen.fill(self.cfg.AQUA) text = 'Press <Enter> to enter the next level' text_render = self.font_big.render(text, False, self.cfg.BLUE) self.screen.blit(text_render, ((self.cfg.SCREENWIDTH-text_render.get_rect().width)//2, (self.cfg.SCREENHEIGHT-text_render.get_rect().height)//3)) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(30)5）主函数与运行界面
import cfgfrom modules import breakoutClone '''主函数'''def main(): game = breakoutClone(cfg) game.run() '''run'''if __name__ == '__main__': main()三、效果展示
1）视频效果展示——
视频链接
带你回忆经典：原生Python开发一款打砖块儿小游戏~
2）截图效果展示——
游戏开始界面——
运行界面——
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