k8s集群部署时etcd容器不停重启问题以及处理详解
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问题现象
在安装部署Kubernetes 1.26版本时，通过kubeadm初始化集群后，发现执行kubectl命令报以下错误：
The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?
查看kubelet状态是否正常，发现无法连接apiserver的6443端口。
Dec 21 09:36:03 k8s-master kubelet[7127]: E1221 09:36:03.015089 7127 kubelet_node_status.go:540] "Error updating node status, will retry" err="error getting node \"k8s-master\": Get \"https://192.168.2.200:6443/api/v1/nodes/k8s-master?timeout=10s\": dial tcp 192.168.2.200:6443: connect: connection refused"
Dec 21 09:36:03 k8s-master kubelet[7127]: E1221 09:36:03.015445 7127 kubelet_node_status.go:540] "Error updating node status, will retry" err="error getting node \"k8s-master\": Get \"https://192.168.2.200:6443/api/v1/nodes/k8s-master?timeout=10s\": dial tcp 192.168.2.200:6443: connect: connection refused"
Dec 21 09:36:03 k8s-master kubelet[7127]: E1221 09:36:03.015654 7127 kubelet_node_status.go:540] "Error updating node status, will retry" err="error getting node \"k8s-master\": Get \"https://192.168.2.200:6443/api/v1/nodes/k8s-master?timeout=10s\": dial tcp 192.168.2.200:6443: connect: connection refused"
Dec 21 09:36:03 k8s-master kubelet[7127]: E1221 09:36:03.015818 7127 kubelet_node_status.go:540] "Error updating node status, will retry" err="error getting node \"k8s-master\": Get \"https://192.168.2.200:6443/api/v1/nodes/k8s-master?timeout=10s\": dial tcp 192.168.2.200:6443: connect: connection refused"
进而查看apiserver容器的状态，由于是基于containerd作为容器运行时，此时kubectl不可用的情况下，使用crictl ps -a命令可以查看所有容器的情况。
root@k8s-master:~/k8s/calico# crictl ps -a
CONTAINER IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT POD ID POD
395b45b1cb733 a31e1d84401e6 50 seconds ago Exited kube-apiserver 28 e87800ae06ff5 kube-apiserver-k8s-master
b5c7e2a07bf1b 5d7c5dfd3ba18 3 minutes ago Running kube-controller-manager 32 6b7cc9dd07f1d kube-controller-manager-k8s-master
944aa31862613 556768f31eb1d 4 minutes ago Exited kube-proxy 27 ccb6557c6f629 kube-proxy-ctjjq
c097332b6f416 fce326961ae2d 4 minutes ago Exited etcd 30 079d491eb9925 etcd-k8s-master
b8103090322c4 dafd8ad70b156 6 minutes ago Exited kube-scheduler 32 48f9544c9798c kube-scheduler-k8s-master
a14b969e8ad05 5d7c5dfd3ba18 12 minutes ago Exited kube-controller-manager 31 5576806b4e142 kube-controller-manager-k8s-master
发现此时kube-apiserver容器已经退出，查看容器日志是否有异常信息。通过日志信息发现是kube-apiserver无法连接etcd的2379端口，那么问题应该是出在etcd了。
W1221 07:00:20.392868 1 logging.go:59] [core] [Channel #1 SubChannel #2] grpc: addrConn.createTransport failed to connect to {
"Addr": "127.0.0.1:2379",
"ServerName": "127.0.0.1",
"Attributes": null,
"BalancerAttributes": null,
"Type": 0,
"Metadata": null
}. Err: connection error: desc = "transport: Error while dialing dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2379: connect: connection refused"
W1221 07:00:21.391330 1 logging.go:59] [core] [Channel #4 SubChannel #6] grpc: addrConn.createTransport failed to connect to {
"Addr": "127.0.0.1:2379",
"ServerName": "127.0.0.1",
"Attributes": null,
"BalancerAttributes": null,
"Type": 0,
"Metadata": null
}. Err: connection error: desc = "transport: Error while dialing dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2379: connect: connection refused"
此时etcd容器也在不断地重启，查看其日志发现没有错误级别的信息。
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 is starting a new election at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 became pre-candidate at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 received MsgPreVoteResp from d975d9ebc69964b3 at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 became candidate at term 3"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 received MsgVoteResp from d975d9ebc69964b3 at term 3"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"d975d9ebc69964b3 became leader at term 3"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.740Z","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"raft.node: d975d9ebc69964b3 elected leader d975d9ebc69964b3 at term 3"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.742Z","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2054","msg":"published local member to cluster through raft","local-member-id":"d975d9ebc69964b3","local-member-attributes":"{Name:k8s-master ClientURLs:[https://192.168.2.200:2379]}","request-path":"/0/members/d975d9ebc69964b3/attributes","cluster-id":"f88ac1c8c4bab6","publish-timeout":"7s"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.742Z","caller":"embed/serve.go:100","msg":"ready to serve client requests"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.742Z","caller":"embed/serve.go:100","msg":"ready to serve client requests"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.743Z","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:44","msg":"notifying init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.743Z","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:50","msg":"successfully notified init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.744Z","caller":"embed/serve.go:198","msg":"serving client traffic securely","address":"192.168.2.200:2379"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:29:00.745Z","caller":"embed/serve.go:198","msg":"serving client traffic securely","address":"127.0.0.1:2379"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.624Z","caller":"osutil/interrupt_unix.go:64","msg":"received signal; shutting down","signal":"terminated"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.624Z","caller":"embed/etcd.go:373","msg":"closing etcd server","name":"k8s-master","data-dir":"/var/lib/etcd","advertise-peer-urls":["https://192.168.2.200:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["https://192.168.2.200:2379"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.636Z","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:1465","msg":"skipped leadership transfer for single voting member cluster","local-member-id":"d975d9ebc69964b3","current-leader-member-id":"d975d9ebc69964b3"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.637Z","caller":"embed/etcd.go:568","msg":"stopping serving peer traffic","address":"192.168.2.200:2380"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.639Z","caller":"embed/etcd.go:573","msg":"stopped serving peer traffic","address":"192.168.2.200:2380"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.639Z","caller":"embed/etcd.go:375","msg":"closed etcd server","name":"k8s-master","data-dir":"/var/lib/etcd","advertise-peer-urls":["https://192.168.2.200:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["https://192.168.2.200:2379"]}
但是，其中一行日志信息表示etcd收到了关闭的信号，并不是异常退出的。
{"level":"info","ts":"2022-12-21T10:30:20.624Z","caller":"osutil/interrupt_unix.go:64","msg":"received signal; shutting down","signal":"terminated"}
解决问题
该问题为未正确设置cgroups导致，在containerd的配置文件/etc/containerd/config.toml中，修改SystemdCgroup配置为true。
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
BinaryName = ""
CriuImagePath = ""
CriuPath = ""
CriuWorkPath = ""
IoGid = 0
IoUid = 0
NoNewKeyring = false
NoPivotRoot = false
Root = ""
ShimCgroup = ""
SystemdCgroup = true
重启containerd服务
systemctl restart containerd
etcd容器不再重启，其他容器也恢复正常，问题解决。
总结
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