利用java和sqlserver建立简易图书管理系统的完整步骤
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1.所需功能：
游览所有图书、查找书籍、建立新图书，借出和归还图书，删除某一图书
2.流程：
数据库连接
- 选择需要的操作
- 释放连接
3.环境及其语言：
Idea，JDK13，驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server
4.数据库建立
- 数据库：sqlserver2019
- Database：library
- Table：Book
- Book：书籍编号，书籍名称，书籍作者，库存量
- 管理员名：sa
- 密码：123456
5.操作：
数据库连接：sql.T3.Test1.java
官网下载驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server并加载到程序中。
//注册驱动
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
//建立连接
String dbUL="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=Library";
String Name="sa";
String Paw="123456";
conn=DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL,Name,Paw);
选择需要的操作：sql.T3.Test1.java
1.游览所有图书
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
sql = "select * from Book";
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()){
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String aut = rs.getString("aut");
int num = rs.getInt("num");
System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
}
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}
2.查找书籍
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;");
b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
f_l = true;
switch (b_h2){
case 1:
System.out.println("输入书籍编号:");
book_num = sc.nextInt();
sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num;
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("输入书籍名称:");
book_name = sc.next();
sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'";
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("输入书籍作者:");
author = sc.next();
sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'";
break;
case 4:
f_l = false;
break;
}
if (f_l){
sql = sql1;
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()){
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String aut = rs.getString("aut");
int num = rs.getInt("num");
System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
}
}
else
System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}
3.建立新图书
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
System.out.println("书籍导入：请依次输入书籍的编号、书名、作者和导入数量:");
book_id = sc.nextInt();
book_name = sc.next();
author = sc.next();
book_num = sc.nextInt();
sql1 = "insert into Book values(" + book_id + ",'" + book_name + "','" + author + "'," + book_num + ")";
st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st);
}
4借出图书
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;");
b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
f_l = true;
switch (b_h2){
case 1:
System.out.println("输入书籍编号:");
book_num = sc.nextInt();
sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num;
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("输入书籍名称:");
book_name = sc.next();
sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'";
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("输入书籍作者:");
author = sc.next();
sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'";
break;
case 4:
f_l = false;
break;
}
if (f_l){
sql = sql1;
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()){
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String aut = rs.getString("aut");
int num = rs.getInt("num");
System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
b_h = num;
book_id = id;
}
System.out.println("确认借出:确认:1,取消:2");
b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
if (b_h2 == 1){
if (b_h == 0)
System.out.println("馆藏书目为0，无法借出");
else{
b_h--;
sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id;
st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}
}
else
System.out.println("你已取消操作");
}
else
System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");
}catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}
5. 归还图书删除某一图书
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
System.out.println("输入归还书id:");
book_id = sc.nextInt();
sql = "select * from Book where id=" + book_id;
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()){
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String aut = rs.getString("aut");
int num = rs.getInt("num");
System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
b_h = num;
}
b_h++;
sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id;
st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}
6.删除某一图书
try{
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
st = conn.createStatement();
System.out.println("输入删除书id:");
book_id = sc.nextInt();
sql1 = "delete from Book where id=" + book_id;
st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}
释放连接: sql.T1.JDBCUtil.java
public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs)//当rs不为空时
{
closeRs(rs);
closeSt(st);
closeConn(conn);
}
public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st)// 当rs为空时
{
closeSt(st);
closeConn(conn);
}
6.运行结果演示
sqlserver中的部分数据：
idea中的演示结果：
显示书籍：
查找书籍及借出：
归还书籍及删除书籍：
总结
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