Web Worker线程electron问题怎么解决
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初始化项目
electron 开发时会遇到一对多的情况，在进行 websocket 通信时，如果接收到服务端多个指令时，而这个指令刚好需要占用线程，这个时候整个界面就会失去响应，那么我们就可以使用线程来解决这个问题.
npm create vite@latest electron-worker执行完后修改 package.json 如下：
{ "name": "electron-worker", "private": true, "version": "0.0.0", "scripts": { "dev": "vite", "build": "vite build", "preview": "vite preview" }, "dependencies": {}, "devDependencies": { "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "^3.2.0", "vite": "^3.2.0", "vue": "^3.2.41", "electron": "19.1.4", "electron-builder": "^23.3.3" }}编写入口文件和 electron 插件
创建 mainEntry.js 作为 electron 的入口文件，启动一个窗口
// class="lazy" data-src/main/mainEntry.jsimport { app, BrowserWindow } from "electron";process.env.ELECTRON_DISABLE_SECURITY_WARNINGS = "true";let mainWindow;app.whenReady().then(() => { let config = { webPreferences: { nodeIntegration: true, webSecurity: false, allowRunningInsecureContent: true, contextIsolation: false, webviewTag: true, spellcheck: false, disableHtmlFullscreenWindowResize: true, }, }; mainWindow = new BrowserWindow(config); mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools({ mode: "undocked" }); mainWindow.loadURL(process.argv[2]);});编写 vite 插件，在服务器启动后加载 electron 入口文件
// plugins/devPlugin.jsexport const devPlugin = () => { return { name: "dev-plugin", configureServer(server) { require("esbuild").buildSync({ entryPoints: ["./class="lazy" data-src/main/mainEntry.js"], bundle: true, platform: "node", outfile: "./dist/mainEntry.js", external: ["electron"], }); server.httpServer.once("listening", () => { let { spawn } = require("child_process"); let electronProcess = spawn(require("electron").toString(), ["./dist/mainEntry.js", `http://127.0.0.1:${server.config.server.port}/`], { cwd: process.cwd(), stdio: "inherit", }); electronProcess.on("close", () => { server.close(); process.exit(); }); }); }, };};使用插件
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'import { devPlugin } from "./plugins/devPlugin";export default defineConfig({ plugins: [devPlugin(), vue()],})将 vue 项目文件放入和 main 同级, 结构如下所示
└─class="lazy" data-src ├─main │ mainEntry.js └─renderer │ App.vue │ main.js ├─assets └─components修改 index.html
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/vite.svg" rel="external nofollow" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>Vite + Vue</title> </head> <body> <div id="app"></div> <script type="module" class="lazy" data-src="/class="lazy" data-src/renderer/main.js"></script> </body></html>现在执行 npm run dev 就可以运行项目了
websocket
websocket 服务
var WebSocketServer = require('ws').Server;var wss = new WebSocketServer({port: 8181});wss.on('connection', function (ws) { console.log('有客户端连接'); ws.send("连接成功") ws.on('message', function (jsonStr) { console.log(jsonStr.toString()); });});连接 websocket 服务
准备 Socket 对象
export default class Socket { websocket wsUrl constructor(wsUrl) { this.wsUrl = wsUrl } init() { if (this.websocket) return this.websocket const socket = this.websocket = new WebSocket(this.wsUrl) // WebSocket 接收服务端数据 socket.onmessage = (e) => { console.log("接收服务端消息：", e.data) } // WebSocket 断开连接后触发 socket.onclose = (e) => {} // WebSocket 连接成功 socket.onopen = () => { console.log("连接成功") } // WebSocket 连接异常 socket.onerror = (e) => {} }}连接 Socket
<script setup>import Socket from './socket'const socket = new Socket("ws://localhost:8181")function register() { socket.init()}</script><template> <div> <button @click="register">注册</button> </div></template><style scoped></style>点击注册后显示如下：
发送心跳
一般为了确保服务一直连接，需要客户端定时给服务发送心跳
export default class Socket { // ... heartbeatCount // 心跳次数 heartbeatTimer // 心跳定时器 heartbeatInterval = 1000 * 20 // 心跳发送频率(2秒一次) // ... sendHeartBeat() { this.heartbeatCount = 0 if (this.heartbeatTimer) clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer) this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => { this.websocket.send("发送心跳") }, this.heartbeatInterval) }}App.vue
function sendHeartBeat() { socket.sendHeartBeat()}<button @click="sendHeartBeat">发送心跳</button>
可以看到我们在服务端日志里看到有持续心跳日志
取消心跳
因为是定时器发送，当服务端掉线后定时器却还在继续发送，现在我们来优化这个
// 断开连接onclose() { console.log("已断开连接") this.websocket = null // 清除心跳定时器 if (this.heartbeatTimer) clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer)}在 socket 断开后进行调用
// WebSocket 断开连接后触发socket.onclose = (e) => { this.onclose()}重新连接
websocket 断开有可能是客户端网络问题，所以我们需要进行尝试重连
export default class Socket { // ... socketOpen // 是否连接 isReconnect = true // 是否可以重新连接 reconnectCountMax = 3 // 最大重新次数 reconnectTimer // 重连定时器 reconnectCurrent = 0 // 重连次数 reconnectInterval // 1000 * 3 // 重连频率(3秒一次) // ... // 断开连接 onclose() { console.log("已断开连接") this.websocket = null // 清除心跳定时器 if (this.heartbeatTimer) clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer) // 需要重新连接 if (this.isReconnect) { this.reconnectTimer = setTimeout(() => { if (this.reconnectCurrent >= this.reconnectCountMax) { console.log("超过重连次数，重连失败") clearTimeout(this.reconnectTimer) } else { this.reconnectCurrent += 1 this.reconnect() } }, this.reconnectInterval) } } // 重新连接 reconnect() { console.log("重新连接", this.reconnectCurrent) if (this.websocket && this.socketOpen) { this.websocket.close() } this.init() }}我们每三秒一次进行尝试重新连接，如果重连三次还未连接，那我们认为无法重新连接
其它优化
export enum PostMessageType { ON_OPEN = 'open', // websocket开启 ON_ERROR = 'error', // websocket异常 ON_CLOSE = 'close', // websocket关闭 ON_MESSAGE = 'message', // websocket接收消息 RECONNECT = 'reconnect', // websocket重新连接 HEARTBEAT = 'heartbeat', // websocket发送心跳 OFF = 'off', // websocket主动关闭 REGISTER = 'register', // websocket注册成功}class Socket { wsUrl: string // 服务地址 websocket: WebSocket | null = null // websocket对象 socketOpen: boolean = false // socket是否开启 heartbeatTimer: any // 心跳定时器 heartbeatCount: number = 0 // 心跳次数 heartbeatInterval: number = 1000 * 20 // 心跳发送频率(2秒一次) isReconnect: boolean = true // 是否可以重新连接 reconnectCountMax: number = 3 // 最大重新次数 reconnectCurrent: number = 0 // 已发起重连次数 reconnectTimer: any // 重连timer reconnectInterval: number = 1000 * 3 // 重连频率(3秒一次) constructor(url: string) { this.wsUrl = url } // socket 初始化 init() { if (this.websocket) return this.websocket const socket = this.websocket = new WebSocket(this.wsUrl) // WebSocket 接收服务端数据 socket.onmessage = (e) => { this.receive(e.data) } // WebSocket 断开连接后触发 socket.onclose = (e) => { this.postMessage(PostMessageType.ON_CLOSE, e) this.onclose() } // WebSocket 连接成功 socket.onopen = () => { this.onopen() } // WebSocket 连接异常 socket.onerror = (e) => { this.postMessage(PostMessageType.ON_ERROR, e) } } // 连接成功后的回调 onopen() { this.socketOpen = true this.isReconnect = true this.reconnectCurrent = 1 this.heartbeatCount = 0 this.postMessage(PostMessageType.ON_OPEN) } postMessage(type: PostMessageType, data?: any) {} onclose() { this.websocket = null this.socketOpen = false // 清除心跳定时器 clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer) // 需要重新连接 if (this.isReconnect) { this.reconnectTimer = setTimeout(() => { if (this.reconnectCurrent >= this.reconnectCountMax) { clearTimeout(this.reconnectTimer) } else { this.reconnectCurrent += 1 this.reconnect() } }, this.reconnectInterval) } } reconnect() { this.postMessage(PostMessageType.RECONNECT, this.reconnectCurrent) if (this.websocket && this.socketOpen) { this.websocket.close() } this.init() } send(data: any, callback?: () => void) { const ws = this.websocket if (!ws) { this.init() setTimeout(() => { this.send(data, callback) }, 1000) return } switch (ws.readyState) { case ws.OPEN: ws.send(data) if (callback) { callback() } break case ws.CONNECTING: // 未开启，则等待1s后重新调用 setTimeout(() => { this.send(data, callback) }, 1000) break default: this.init() setTimeout(() => { this.send(data, callback) }, 1000) } } receive(data: any) { this.postMessage(PostMessageType.ON_MESSAGE, data) } sendHeartBeat(data: any) { this.heartbeatCount = 0 if (this.heartbeatTimer) clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer) this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => { this.send(data, () => { this.heartbeatCount += 1 this.postMessage(PostMessageType.HEARTBEAT, { heartBeatData: data, heartbeatCount: this.heartbeatCount }) }) }, this.heartbeatInterval) } close() { this.isReconnect = false this.postMessage(PostMessageType.OFF, "主动断开websocket连接") this.websocket && this.websocket.close() }}上面是基础的 websocket ，具体使用需要结合业务进行继承使用
export default class SelfSocket extends Socket { registerData: any // 注册数据 heartBeatData: any // 心跳数据 constructor(url: string) { super(url); } initSocket(registerData: any, heartBeatData: any) { this.registerData = registerData this.heartBeatData = heartBeatData super.init() } onopen() { this.register() super.onopen(); } register() { this.send(this.registerData, () => { this.sendHeartBeat(this.heartBeatData) this.postMessage(PostMessageType.REGISTER, this.registerData) }) } send(data: any, callback?: () => void) { // 数据加密 const str = _encrypt(data) super.send(str, callback); } receive(data: any) { this.postMessage(PostMessageType.ON_MESSAGE, _decode(data)) } postMessage(type: PostMessageType, e?: any) {}}Worker
创建一个 websocketWorker.js
const URL = "ws://localhost:8181"import Socket from "./socket";const ws = new Socket(URL)self.addEventListener('message', (e) => { const { type, data } = e.data switch (type) { case "init": ws.init(); break case "message": ws.send(data) break case "close": ws.close() break default: console.error("发送websocket命令有误") break }})<script setup>import Worker from './websocketWorker?worker'const worker = new Worker()worker.onmessage = function (e) { console.log(e.data)}function register() { worker.postMessage({ type: 'init' })}function close() { worker.postMessage({ type: 'close' })}</script><template> <div> <button @click="register">注册</button> <button @click="close">关闭服务</button> </div></template>vite 使用 worker 可以查看 worker选项
如果是 webpack 可以查看 worker-loader
module.exports = { chainWebpack: config => { config.module .rule('worker') .test(/.worker.js$/) .use('worker-loader') .loader('worker-loader') .options({ inline: 'no-fallback', }) .end() config.module.rule('js').exclude.add(/.worker.js$/) }}这里是我的配置
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