Scrapy案例02-腾讯招聘信息爬取

目标：https://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start=0#a

爬取所有的职位信息信息

• 职位名
  
• 职位url
  
• 职位类型
  
• 职位人数
  
• 工作地点
  
• 发布时间

3.1. 配置需要爬取的目标变量

class TecentjobItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    positionname = scrapy.Field()
    positionlink = scrapy.Field()
    positionType = scrapy.Field()
    peopleNum = scrapy.Field()
    workLocation = scrapy.Field()
    publishTime = scrapy.Field()

3.2. 写爬虫文件scrapy

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from tecentJob.items import TecentjobItem

class TencentSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = 'tencent'
    allowed_domains = ['tencent.com']
    url = 'https://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start='
    offset = 0
    start_urls = [url + str(offset)]

    def parse(self, response):

        for each in response.xpath("//tr[@class = 'even'] | //tr[@class = 'odd']"):
            # 初始化模型对象
            item = TecentjobItem()

            item['positionname'] = each.xpath("./td[1]/a/text()").extract()[0]
            item['positionlink'] = each.xpath("./td[1]/a/@href").extract()[0]
            item['positionType'] = each.xpath("./td[2]/text()").extract()[0]
            item['peopleNum'] = each.xpath("./td[3]/text()").extract()[0]
            item['workLocation'] = each.xpath("./td[4]/text()").extract()[0]
            item['publishTime'] = each.xpath("./td[5]/text()").extract()[0]

            yield item

        if self.offset < 100:
            self.offset += 10

        # 将请求重写发送给调度器入队列、出队列、交给下载器下载
        # 拼接新的rurl，并回调parse函数处理response
        # yield scrapy.Request(url， callback = self.parse)

        yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset), callback=self.parse)

3.3. 编写yield需要的管道文件

import json

class TecentjobPipeline(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.filename = open("tencent.json", 'wb')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        text = json.dumps(dict(item),ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
        self.filename.write(text.encode('utf-8'))
        return item

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.filename.close()

3.4. setting中配置请求抱头信息

DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36',
  'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
  'Accept-Language': 'en',
}