Springboot集成ClickHouse及应用场景分析

2024-04-02 19:55

短信预约 -IT技能 免费直播动态提醒

ClickHouse应用场景：

1.绝大多数请求都是用于读访问的
2.数据需要以大批次（大于1000行）进行更新，而不是单行更新；或者根本没有更新操作
3.数据只是添加到数据库，没有必要修改
4.读取数据时，会从数据库中提取出大量的行，但只用到一小部分列
5.表很“宽”，即表中包含大量的列
6.查询频率相对较低（通常每台服务器每秒查询数百次或更少）
7.对于简单查询，允许大约50毫秒的延迟
8.列的值是比较小的数值和短字符串（例如，每个URL只有60个字节）
9.在处理单个查询时需要高吞吐量（每台服务器每秒高达数十亿行）
10.不需要事务
11.数据一致性要求较低
12.每次查询中只会查询一个大表。除了一个大表，其余都是小表
13.查询结果显著小于数据源。即数据有过滤或聚合。返回结果不超过单个服务器内存大小

行式存储对比列式存储：

(1)、行式数据

(2)、列式数据

(3)、对比分析

分析类查询，通常只需要读取表的一小部分列。在列式数据库中可以只读取需要的数据。数据总是打包成批量读取的，所以压缩是非常容易的。同时数据按列分别存储这也更容易压缩。这进一步降低了I/O的体积。由于I/O的降低，这将帮助更多的数据被系统缓存。

整合Springboot：

核心依赖（mybatis plus做持久层，druid做数据源）：

<dependencies>
    <!--clickhouse-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>ru.yandex.clickhouse</groupId>
        <artifactId>clickhouse-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>0.3.1-patch</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.baomidou/mybatis-plus-boot-starter -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

配置yml文件：

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    click:
      driverClassName: ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseDriver
      url: jdbc:clickhouse://127.0.0.1:8123/dbname
      username: username
      password: 123456
      initialSize: 10
      maxActive: 100
      minIdle: 10
      maxWait: 6000

mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:mapper
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.click")
public class JdbcParamConfig {
    private String driverClassName ;
    private String url ;
    private Integer initialSize ;
    private Integer maxActive ;
    private Integer minIdle ;
    private Integer maxWait ;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    // 省略 GET 和 SET
}

Druid连接池配置

package com.example.tonghp.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.swing.*;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
    @Resource
    private JdbcParamConfig jdbcParamConfig ;
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();
        datasource.setUrl(jdbcParamConfig.getUrl());
        datasource.setDriverClassName(jdbcParamConfig.getDriverClassName());
        datasource.setInitialSize(jdbcParamConfig.getInitialSize());
        datasource.setMinIdle(jdbcParamConfig.getMinIdle());
        datasource.setMaxActive(jdbcParamConfig.getMaxActive());
        datasource.setMaxWait(jdbcParamConfig.getMaxWait());
        datasource.setUsername(jdbcParamConfig.getUsername());
        datasource.setPassword(jdbcParamConfig.getPassword());
        return datasource;
    }
}

接下来配置实体类，mapper，service，controlle以及mapper.xml。与mybatisplus操作mysql一样的思路。

package com.example.tonghp.entity;

import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class UserInfo implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private int id;
    private String userName;
    private String passWord;
    private String phone;
    private String email;
    private String createDay;
}

package com.example.tonghp.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface UserInfoMapper extends BaseMapper<UserInfo> {
    // 写入数据
    void saveData (UserInfo userInfo) ;
    // ID 查询
    UserInfo selectById (@Param("id") Integer id) ;
    // 查询全部
    List<UserInfo> selectList () ;
}

UserInfoMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.tonghp.mapper.UserInfoMapper">
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo">
        <id column="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id" />
        <result column="user_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="userName" />
        <result column="pass_word" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="passWord" />
        <result column="phone" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="phone" />
        <result column="email" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="email" />
        <result column="create_day" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="createDay" />
    </resultMap>
    <sql id="Base_Column_List">
        id,user_name,pass_word,phone,email,create_day
    </sql>
    <insert id="saveData" parameterType="com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo" >
        INSERT INTO cs_user_info
        (id,user_name,pass_word,phone,email,create_day)
        VALUES
        (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER},#{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},#{passWord,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
        #{phone,jdbcType=VARCHAR},#{email,jdbcType=VARCHAR},#{createDay,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
    </insert>
    <select id="selectById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select
        <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
        from cs_user_info
        where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    </select>
    <select id="selectList" resultMap="BaseResultMap" >
        select
        <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
        from cs_user_info
    </select>
</mapper>

Service

package com.example.tonghp.service;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
import com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;

public interface UserInfoService extends IService<UserInfo> {
    // 写入数据
    void saveData (UserInfo userInfo) ;
    // ID 查询
    UserInfo selectById (@Param("id") Integer id) ;
    // 查询全部
    List<UserInfo> selectList () ;
}

ServiceImpl

package com.example.tonghp.service.impl;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo;
import com.example.tonghp.mapper.UserInfoMapper;
import com.example.tonghp.service.UserInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class UserInfoServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserInfoMapper, UserInfo> implements UserInfoService {
    @Autowired
    UserInfoMapper userInfoMapper;
    @Override
    public void saveData(UserInfo userInfo) {
        userInfoMapper.saveData(userInfo);
    }
    @Override
    public UserInfo selectById(Integer id) {
        return userInfoMapper.selectById(id);
    }
    @Override
    public List<UserInfo> selectList() {
        return userInfoMapper.selectList();
    }
}

Controller

package com.example.tonghp.controller;
import com.example.tonghp.entity.UserInfo;
import com.example.tonghp.service.UserInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserInfoController {
    @Autowired
    private UserInfoService userInfoService ;
    @RequestMapping("saveData")
    public String saveData (){
        UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo () ;
        userInfo.setId(4);
        userInfo.setUserName("winter");
        userInfo.setPassWord("567");
        userInfo.setPhone("13977776789");
        userInfo.setEmail("winter");
        userInfo.setCreateDay("2020-02-20");
        userInfoService.saveData(userInfo);
        return "sus";
    }
    @RequestMapping("selectById")
    public UserInfo selectById () {
        return userInfoService.selectById(1) ;
    }
    @RequestMapping("selectList")
    public List<UserInfo> selectList () {
        return userInfoService.selectList() ;
    }
}

main()

package com.example.tonghp;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.example.tonghp.mapper")
public class TonghpApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TonghpApplication.class, args);
    }
}

参考链接：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46792649/article/details/115306384

https://www.cnblogs.com/ywjfx/p/14333974.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/cicada-smile/p/11632251.html

https://github.com/cicadasmile/middle-ware-parent

另外还有一种直接操作JDBC的：

https://blog.csdn.net/Alice_qixin/article/details/84957380

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