[转载] python 解析xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import xml.sax

class CountryHandler( xml.sax.ContentHandler ):
    def __init__(self):
        self.CurrentData = ""
        self.CurrentAttributes = ""
        self.rank = ""
        self.year = ""
        self.gdppc = ""
        self.nei_name = ""
        self.nei_dire = ""

    def startElement(self, tag, attributes):
        self.CurrentData = tag
        self.CurrentAttributes = attributes
        if tag == "country":
            print ("*****Country*****")
            name = attributes["name"]
            print ("Name:", name)
        if tag == "neighbor":
            self.nei_name = attributes["name"]
            self.nei_dire = attributes["direction"]

    def endElement(self, tag):
        if self.CurrentData == "rank":
            print ("Rank:", self.rank)
        elif self.CurrentData == "year":
            print ("Year:", self.year)
        elif self.CurrentData == "gdppc":
            print ("Gdppc:", self.gdppc)
        elif self.CurrentData == "neighbor":
            print ("Neighbor:", self.nei_name,self.nei_dire)
        self.CurrentData = ""
        self.nei_name = ""
        self.nei_dire = ""

    def characters(self, content):
        if self.CurrentData == "rank":
            self.rank = content
        elif self.CurrentData == "year":
            self.year = content
        elif self.CurrentData == "gdppc":
            self.gdppc = content
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
    parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)
    Handler = CountryHandler()
    parser.setContentHandler( Handler )
    parser.parse("countries.xml")

>python test_SAX.py
*****Country*****
Name: Liechtenstein
Rank: 1
Year: 2008
Gdppc: 141100
Neighbor: Austria E
Neighbor: Switzerland W
*****Country*****
Name: Singapore
Rank: 4
Year: 2011
Gdppc: 59900
Neighbor: Malaysia N
*****Country*****
Name: Panama
Rank: 68
Year: 2011
Gdppc: 13600
Neighbor: Costa Rica W
Neighbor: Colombia E

xml.sax.make_parser([parser_list])
Create and return a SAX XMLReader object. The first parser found will be used. If parser_list is provided, it must be a sequence of strings which name modules that have a function named create_parser(). Modules listed in parser_list will be used before modules in the default list of parsers.

XMLReader.setFeature(featurename, value)
Set the featurename to value. If the feature is not recognized, SAXNotRecognizedException is raised. If the feature or its setting is not supported by the parser, SAXNotSupportedException is raised.

class xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler
This is the main callback interface in SAX, and the one most important to applications. The order of events in this interface mirrors the order of the information in the document.

Signals the start of an element in non-namespace mode.

The name parameter contains the raw XML 1.0 name of the element type as a string and the attrs parameter holds an object of the Attributes interface (see The Attributes Interface) containing the attributes of the element. The object passed as attrs may be re-used by the parser; holding on to a reference to it is not a reliable way to keep a copy of the attributes. To keep a copy of the attributes, use the copy() method of the attrs object.

Signals the end of an element in non-namespace mode.

The name parameter contains the name of the element type, just as with the startElement() event.

Receive notification of character data.

The Parser will call this method to report each chunk of character data. SAX parsers may return all contiguous character data in a single chunk, or they may split it into several chunks; however, all of the characters in any single event must come from the same external entity so that the Locator provides useful information.

content may be a Unicode string or a byte string; the expat reader module produces always Unicode strings.

XMLReader.setContentHandler(handler)¶
Set the current ContentHandler. If no ContentHandler is set, content events will be discarded.

Process an input source, producing SAX events. The source object can be a system identifier (a string identifying the input source – typically a file name or an URL), a file-like object, or an InputSource object. When parse() returns, the input is completely processed, and the parser object can be discarded or reset. As a limitation, the current implementation only accepts byte streams; processing of character streams is for further study.