基于Golang怎么实现内存数据库
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GO实现内存数据库
实现Redis的database层(核心层:处理命令并返回)
本文涉及以下文件:dict:定义字典的一些方法
sync_dict:实现dict
db:分数据库
command:定义指令
ping,keys,string:指令的具体处理逻辑
database:单机版数据库
datastruct/dict/dict.go
type Consumer func(key string, val interface{}) booltype Dict interface { Get(key string) (val interface{}, exists bool) Len() int Put(key string, val interface{}) (result int) PutIfAbsent(key string, val interface{}) (result int) PutIfExists(key string, val interface{}) (result int) Remove(key string) (result int) ForEach(consumer Consumer) Keys() []string RandomKeys(limit int) []string RandomDistinctKeys(limit int) []string Clear()}
Dict接口:Redis数据结构的接口。这里我们使用sync.Map作为字典的实现,如果想用别的数据结构,换一个实现即可
Consumer:遍历字典所有的键值对,返回值是布尔,true继续遍历,false停止遍历
datastruct/dict/sync_dict.go
type SyncDict struct { m sync.Map}func MakeSyncDict() *SyncDict { return &SyncDict{}}func (dict *SyncDict) Get(key string) (val interface{}, exists bool) { val, ok := dict.m.Load(key) return val, ok}func (dict *SyncDict) Len() int { length := 0 dict.m.Range(func(k, v interface{}) bool { length++ return true }) return length}func (dict *SyncDict) Put(key string, val interface{}) (result int) { _, existed := dict.m.Load(key) dict.m.Store(key, val) if existed { return 0 } return 1}func (dict *SyncDict) PutIfAbsent(key string, val interface{}) (result int) { _, existed := dict.m.Load(key) if existed { return 0 } dict.m.Store(key, val) return 1}func (dict *SyncDict) PutIfExists(key string, val interface{}) (result int) { _, existed := dict.m.Load(key) if existed { dict.m.Store(key, val) return 1 } return 0}func (dict *SyncDict) Remove(key string) (result int) { _, existed := dict.m.Load(key) dict.m.Delete(key) if existed { return 1 } return 0}func (dict *SyncDict) ForEach(consumer Consumer) { dict.m.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool { consumer(key.(string), value) return true })}func (dict *SyncDict) Keys() []string { result := make([]string, dict.Len()) i := 0 dict.m.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool { result[i] = key.(string) i++ return true }) return result}func (dict *SyncDict) RandomKeys(limit int) []string { result := make([]string, limit) for i := 0; i < limit; i++ { dict.m.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool { result[i] = key.(string) return false }) } return result}func (dict *SyncDict) RandomDistinctKeys(limit int) []string { result := make([]string, limit) i := 0 dict.m.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool { result[i] = key.(string) i++ if i == limit { return false } return true }) return result}func (dict *SyncDict) Clear() { *dict = *MakeSyncDict()}
使用sync.Map实现Dict接口
database/db.go
type DB struct {index intdata dict.Dict}type ExecFunc func(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Replytype CmdLine = [][]bytefunc makeDB() *DB {db := &DB{data: dict.MakeSyncDict(),}return db}func (db *DB) Exec(c resp.Connection, cmdLine [][]byte) resp.Reply {cmdName := strings.ToLower(string(cmdLine[0]))cmd, ok := cmdTable[cmdName]if !ok {return reply.MakeErrReply("ERR unknown command '" + cmdName + "'")}if !validateArity(cmd.arity, cmdLine) {return reply.MakeArgNumErrReply(cmdName)}fun := cmd.executorreturn fun(db, cmdLine[1:]) // 把 set k v 中的set切掉}func validateArity(arity int, cmdArgs [][]byte) bool {argNum := len(cmdArgs)if arity >= 0 {return argNum == arity}return argNum >= -arity}func (db *DB) GetEntity(key string) (*database.DataEntity, bool) {raw, ok := db.data.Get(key)if !ok {return nil, false}entity, _ := raw.(*database.DataEntity)return entity, true}func (db *DB) PutEntity(key string, entity *database.DataEntity) int {return db.data.Put(key, entity)}func (db *DB) PutIfExists(key string, entity *database.DataEntity) int {return db.data.PutIfExists(key, entity)}func (db *DB) PutIfAbsent(key string, entity *database.DataEntity) int {return db.data.PutIfAbsent(key, entity)}func (db *DB) Remove(key string) {db.data.Remove(key)}func (db *DB) Removes(keys ...string) (deleted int) {deleted = 0for _, key := range keys {_, exists := db.data.Get(key)if exists {db.Remove(key)deleted++}}return deleted}func (db *DB) Flush() {db.data.Clear()}
实现Redis中的分数据库
ExecFunc:所有Redis的指令都写成这样的类型
validateArity方法:
定长:set k v => arity=3;
变长:exists k1 k2 k3 ... => arity=-2,表示参数>=2个
database/command.go
var cmdTable = make(map[string]*command)type command struct { executor ExecFunc arity int }func RegisterCommand(name string, executor ExecFunc, arity int) { name = strings.ToLower(name) cmdTable[name] = &command{ executor: executor, arity: arity, }}
command:每一个command结构体都是一个指令,例如ping,keys等等
arity:参数数量
cmdTable:记录所有指令和command结构体的关系
RegisterCommand:注册指令的实现,在程序
database/ping.go
func Ping(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { if len(args) == 0 { return &reply.PongReply{} } else if len(args) == 1 { return reply.MakeStatusReply(string(args[0])) } else { return reply.MakeErrReply("ERR wrong number of arguments for 'ping' command") }}func init() { RegisterCommand("ping", Ping, 1)}
init方法:在启动程序时就会调用这个方法,用于初始化
database/keys.go
func execDel(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { keys := make([]string, len(args)) for i, v := range args { keys[i] = string(v) } deleted := db.Removes(keys...) return reply.MakeIntReply(int64(deleted))}func execExists(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { result := int64(0) for _, arg := range args { key := string(arg) _, exists := db.GetEntity(key) if exists { result++ } } return reply.MakeIntReply(result)}func execFlushDB(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { db.Flush() return &reply.OkReply{}}func execType(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) entity, exists := db.GetEntity(key) if !exists { return reply.MakeStatusReply("none") } switch entity.Data.(type) { case []byte: return reply.MakeStatusReply("string") } return &reply.UnknownErrReply{}}func execRename(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { if len(args) != 2 { return reply.MakeErrReply("ERR wrong number of arguments for 'rename' command") } class="lazy" data-src := string(args[0]) dest := string(args[1]) entity, ok := db.GetEntity(class="lazy" data-src) if !ok { return reply.MakeErrReply("no such key") } db.PutEntity(dest, entity) db.Remove(class="lazy" data-src) return &reply.OkReply{}}func execRenameNx(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { class="lazy" data-src := string(args[0]) dest := string(args[1]) _, exist := db.GetEntity(dest) if exist { return reply.MakeIntReply(0) } entity, ok := db.GetEntity(class="lazy" data-src) if !ok { return reply.MakeErrReply("no such key") } db.Removes(class="lazy" data-src, dest) db.PutEntity(dest, entity) return reply.MakeIntReply(1)}func execKeys(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { pattern := wildcard.CompilePattern(string(args[0])) result := make([][]byte, 0) db.data.ForEach(func(key string, val interface{}) bool { if pattern.IsMatch(key) { result = append(result, []byte(key)) } return true }) return reply.MakeMultiBulkReply(result)}func init() { RegisterCommand("Del", execDel, -2) RegisterCommand("Exists", execExists, -2) RegisterCommand("Keys", execKeys, 2) RegisterCommand("FlushDB", execFlushDB, -1) RegisterCommand("Type", execType, 2) RegisterCommand("Rename", execRename, 3) RegisterCommand("RenameNx", execRenameNx, 3)}
keys.go实现以下指令:
execDel:del k1 k2 k3 ...
execExists:exist k1 k2 k3 ...
execFlushDB:flushdb
execType:type k1
execRename:rename k1 k2
execRenameNx:renamenx k1 k2
execKeys:keys(依赖lib包的工具类wildcard.go)
database/string.go
func execGet(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) bytes, err := db.getAsString(key) if err != nil { return err } if bytes == nil { return &reply.NullBulkReply{} } return reply.MakeBulkReply(bytes)}func (db *DB) getAsString(key string) ([]byte, reply.ErrorReply) { entity, ok := db.GetEntity(key) if !ok { return nil, nil } bytes, ok := entity.Data.([]byte) if !ok { return nil, &reply.WrongTypeErrReply{} } return bytes, nil}func execSet(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) value := args[1] entity := &database.DataEntity{ Data: value, } db.PutEntity(key, entity) return &reply.OkReply{}}func execSetNX(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) value := args[1] entity := &database.DataEntity{ Data: value, } result := db.PutIfAbsent(key, entity) return reply.MakeIntReply(int64(result))}func execGetSet(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) value := args[1] entity, exists := db.GetEntity(key) db.PutEntity(key, &database.DataEntity{Data: value}) if !exists { return reply.MakeNullBulkReply() } old := entity.Data.([]byte) return reply.MakeBulkReply(old)}func execStrLen(db *DB, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { key := string(args[0]) entity, exists := db.GetEntity(key) if !exists { return reply.MakeNullBulkReply() } old := entity.Data.([]byte) return reply.MakeIntReply(int64(len(old)))}func init() { RegisterCommand("Get", execGet, 2) RegisterCommand("Set", execSet, -3) RegisterCommand("SetNx", execSetNX, 3) RegisterCommand("GetSet", execGetSet, 3) RegisterCommand("StrLen", execStrLen, 2)}
string.go实现以下指令:
execGet:get k1
execSet:set k v
execSetNX:setnex k v
execGetSet:getset k v 返回旧值
execStrLen:strlen k
database/database.go
type Database struct { dbSet []*DB}func NewDatabase() *Database { mdb := &Database{} if config.Properties.Databases == 0 { config.Properties.Databases = 16 } mdb.dbSet = make([]*DB, config.Properties.Databases) for i := range mdb.dbSet { singleDB := makeDB() singleDB.index = i mdb.dbSet[i] = singleDB } return mdb}func (mdb *Database) Exec(c resp.Connection, cmdLine [][]byte) (result resp.Reply) { defer func() { if err := recover(); err != nil { logger.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("error occurs: %v\n%s", err, string(debug.Stack()))) } }() cmdName := strings.ToLower(string(cmdLine[0])) if cmdName == "select" { if len(cmdLine) != 2 { return reply.MakeArgNumErrReply("select") } return execSelect(c, mdb, cmdLine[1:]) } dbIndex := c.GetDBIndex() selectedDB := mdb.dbSet[dbIndex] return selectedDB.Exec(c, cmdLine)}func execSelect(c resp.Connection, mdb *Database, args [][]byte) resp.Reply { dbIndex, err := strconv.Atoi(string(args[0])) if err != nil { return reply.MakeErrReply("ERR invalid DB index") } if dbIndex >= len(mdb.dbSet) { return reply.MakeErrReply("ERR DB index is out of range") } c.SelectDB(dbIndex) return reply.MakeOkReply()}func (mdb *Database) Close() {}func (mdb *Database) AfterClientClose(c resp.Connection) {}
Database:一组db的集合
Exec:执行切换db指令或者其他指令
execSelect方法:选择db(指令:select 2)
resp/handler/handler.go
import (database2 "go-redis/database")func MakeHandler() *RespHandler { var db database.Database db = database2.NewDatabase() return &RespHandler{ db: db, }}
修改实现协议层handler的database实现
架构小结
TCP层服务TCP的连接,然后将连接交给RESP协议层的handler,handler监听客户端的连接,将指令解析后发给管道,管道转给database层(database/database.go),核心层根据命令类型执行不同的方法,然后返回。
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