Java原生HttpClient怎么使用

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1.信任证书管理类

package cn.wja.component;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {    @Override    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {    }    @Override    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {    }    @Override    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {        return null;    }    public static TrustManager[] getTrustManagers() {        TrustManager[] trustAllCertificates = {new MyX509TrustManager()};        return trustAllCertificates;    }}

2.HttpClient类

package cn.wja.component;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import java.net.http.HttpClient;import java.security.KeyManagementException;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.security.SecureRandom;import java.time.Duration;public class MyHttpClient {    static public HttpClient getClient() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {        TrustManager[] trustManagers = MyX509TrustManager.getTrustManagers();        var timeoutInSeconds = 60;        SSLParameters sslParams = new SSLParameters();        sslParams.setEndpointIdentificationAlgorithm("");        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");        //取消主机名验证        System.setProperty("jdk.internal.httpclient.disableHostnameVerification", "true");        sc.init(null, trustManagers, new SecureRandom());        return HttpClient.newBuilder()                .connectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(timeoutInSeconds * 1000))                .sslContext(sc)                .sslParameters(sslParams)                .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NEVER)                .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2)                .build();    }}

3.发送请求工具类

package cn.wja.util;import cn.wja.component.MyHttpClient;import java.net.URI;import java.net.http.HttpClient;import java.net.http.HttpRequest;import java.net.http.HttpResponse;import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;public class HttpUtils {    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {        HashMap<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();        hashMap.put("Cookie",cookieStr);        return sendGet(urlStr,hashMap);    }    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, Map<String,String> headers) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, InterruptedException {        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);        reqBuilder.GET();        for (String key:headers.keySet()){            reqBuilder.header(key, headers.get(key));        }        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));        return result;    }    private static HttpResponse<String> sendPost(String contentType, String urlStr, String bodyStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);        HttpRequest.BodyPublisher bodyPublisher = HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(bodyStr);        reqBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType)                .POST(bodyPublisher)                .header("Cookie", cookieStr);        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));        return result;    }        public static HttpResponse<String> sendFormPost(String urlStr, String formStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {        return sendPost("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", urlStr, formStr, cookieStr);    }    public static HttpResponse<String> sendJsonPost(String urlStr, String jsonStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {        return sendPost("application/json;charset=utf-8", urlStr, jsonStr, cookieStr);    }    public static HttpRequest.Builder getReqBuilder(String urlStr) {        return HttpRequest.newBuilder()                .uri(URI.create(urlStr))                .header("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0");    }}

4.测试

测试表明，通过调用工具类方法，可以直接发送GET请求和带Form表单/Json的POST请求。如果您要发送其他形式的HTTP请求，也可以参照上述代码自行实现。

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