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Ubuntu-16.04 部署 OpenStack Ocata<上>

2024-04-02 19:55

短信预约 -IT技能 免费直播动态提醒

注:本文参照openstack官方文档部署，地址https://docs.openstack.org/。明明才10万字符，硬说超过20万，没办法，分篇。

建议:配置时仔细核对，经多次实验，很多错误都是配置失误造成的。

一、搭建基础环境

192.168.30.145 controller【2vCPU、4G内存、40G存储、双网卡】

192.168.30.146 compute【2vCPU、4G内存、40G存储、双网卡】

1.安装ssh并配置root密码

$ sudo apt install ssh
$ sudo passwd root
Enter new UNIX password: 
Retype new UNIX password: 
passwd: password updated successfully

2.获取临时认证令牌

# openssl rand -hex 10
bdb5cad50653d4e85b7d

3.添加阿里云镜像

# cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
# vim /etc/apt/sources.list
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-class="lazy" data-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

4.配置网络接口IP

# ip addr  
# vim /etc/network/interfaces
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.30.145
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.30.2
dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114
# The provider network interface(配置第二个接口为提供者接口)
auto ens34
iface ens34 inet manual
up ip link set dev $IFACE up
down ip link set dev $IFACE down

5.配置host

# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.30.145   controller
192.168.30.146   compute

6.配置NTP时间协议

# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata                ##修改时区
Current default time zone: 'Asia/Chongqing'
Local time is now:      Tue Mar 28 20:54:33 CST 2017.
Universal Time is now:  Tue Mar 28 12:54:33 UTC 2017.
# apt -y install chrony               ##安装chrony时间同步软件

Controller Node

# vim /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
allow 192.168.30.0/24              ##设置允许该网段与自己同步时间
# service chrony restart

Compute Node

# vim /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
# pool 2.debian.pool.ntp.org offline iburst
server 192.168.30.145 iburst       ##设置时间同步服务器地址
# service chrony restart
# chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* controller                    3   6   377    33   -375us[ -422us] +/-   66ms

7.在所有节点启用openstack库、安装openstack客户端

# apt -y install software-properties-common
# add-apt-repository cloud-archive:ocata
# apt -y update && apt -y dist-upgrade
# apt -y install python-openstackclient

8.安装并配置数据库服务(Controller Node)

# apt -y install mariadb-server python-pymysql
# vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/99-openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 192.168.30.145
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8
# service mysql restart
# mysql_secure_installation
##运行该脚本来保证数据库安全，为root账户设置一个合适的密码

9.安装并配置Rabbitmq消息队列服务(Controller Node)

# apt -y install rabbitmq-server
# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack        ##添加OpenStack用户并配置密码
Creating user "openstack" ...
##允许openstack用户的配置、写、读权限
# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "openstack" in vhost "/" ...
# rabbitmqctl list_users           ##列出用户
Listing users ...
guest[administrator]
openstack[]
# rabbitmqctl list_user_permissions openstack     ##列出该用户权限
Listing permissions for user "openstack" ...
/.*.*.*
# rabbitmqctl status         ##查看RabbitMQ相关信息
# rabbitmq-plugins list      ##查看RabbitMQ相关插件
 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled
 | Status:   * = running on rabbit@openstack1
 |/
 ......
# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management   ##启用该插件
The following plugins have been enabled:
  mochiweb
  webmachine
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
  amqp_client
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_management
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@openstack1... started 6 plugins.

浏览器输入http://localhost:15672，默认用户名密码都是guest。

10.安装并配置Memcached缓存服务【对认证服务进行缓存】(Controller Node)

# apt -y install memcached python-memcache
# vim /etc/memcached.conf
#-l 127.0.0.1
-l 192.168.30.145
# service memcached restart

二、配置 Keystone 认证服务(Controller Node)

1.创建 keystone 数据库

# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone;       ##创建 keystone 数据库
##对 keystone 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码]
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'192.168.30.145' \
     IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' \
     IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

2.安装并配置 Keystone

# apt -y install keystone
# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
[database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@192.168.30.145/keystone
[token]---配置Fernet UUID令牌的提供者
provider = fernet
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@192.168.30.145/keystone
provider = fernet

3.初始化身份认证服务数据库

# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

4.初始化Fernet keys

# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

5.配置引导标识服务

# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password qaz123 \
  --bootstrap-admin-url http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-internal-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-public-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

6.配置 HTTP 服务器

# vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
ServerName controller
# service apache2 restart                 ##重启Apache服务
# service apache2 status
# rm -f /var/lib/keystone/keystone.db         ##删除默认的SQLite数据库

7.配置管理账户

# export OS_USERNAME=admin
# export OS_PASSWORD=qaz123
# export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
# export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
# export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
# export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3
# export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

8.创建 service 项目

# openstack project create --domain default \
  --description "Service Project" service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project                  |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 945e37831e74484f8911fb742c925926 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | service                          |
| parent_id   | default                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

9.配置普通(非管理)任务项目和用户权限

a.创建 demo 项目

# openstack project create --domain default \
  --description "Demo Project" demo
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Demo Project                     |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | demo                             |
| parent_id   | default                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

b.创建 demo 用户

# openstack user create --domain default \
  --password-prompt demo
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae |
| name                | demo                             |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

c.创建 user 角色

# openstack role create user
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | None                             |
| id        | 83b6ab2af4414ad387b2fc9daf575b3a |
| name      | user                             |
+-----------+----------------------------------+

d.添加 user 角色到 demo 项目和用户

# openstack role add --project demo --user demo user

10.禁用临时身份验证令牌机制

# vim /etc/keystone/keystone-paste.ini
[pipeline:public_api]
# pipeline = admin_token_auth
[pipeline:admin_api]
# pipeline = admin_token_auth
[pipeline:api_v3]
# pipeline = admin_token_auth

11.重置 OS_AUTH_URL 和 OS_PASSWORD 环境变量

# unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD

12.使用 admin 用户，请求认证令牌(密码为admin用户密码)

# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3 \
  --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default \
  --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                     |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2017-03-28T15:11:50+0000                                  |
| id         | gAAAAABY2m8mE9pMATPuFW9YpgoBMTg9mCI6GcmFeQAudwbhGiVblXZP  |
|            | kmSmHc5aFwTZSIdjLzPJaMd1k16UZghj59v45Gvzdh6CLhSFGWPsT8rL  |
|            | fRJD4eE1D_eRz2Jjjk5rDmwAHm5mmffuszJLSe4B2KJyBXkdmmznXL-A  |
| project_id | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe                          |
| user_id    | 63ca263543fb4b02bb34410e3dc8a801                          |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+

13.使用 demo 用户，请求认证令牌(密码为demo用户密码)

# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3 \
  --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default \
  --os-project-name demo --os-username demo token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                     |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2017-03-28T15:13:50+0000                                  |
| id         | gAAAAABY2m-eSIWmQg1SyZFaiGcP2kjHf742ktr8YcVH3Q4aHKTflDJ   |
|            | RLAfgmeoDW2z1sbdHQmKQNSb--F-1Pn_hTFHYqgyMlIxYpEQxGhJ-rg   |
|            | b0EuxUT9opwl0m5onaA5Cv_MBX6awxeity8Gh2dc50NUeYela5Yl4uSG  |
| project_id | 2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0                          |
| user_id    | 7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae                          |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+

14.创建脚本

a.创建并编辑文件 admin-openrc 并添加如下内容:

# vim admin-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=qaz123
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

b.创建并编辑文件 demo-openrc 并添加如下内容:

# vim demo-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
export OS_USERNAME=demo
export OS_PASSWORD=demo
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

15.使用脚本

a.加载脚本

# . admin-openrc

b.请求身份认证令牌

# openstack token issue  
+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                    |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2017-03-28T15:22:55+0000                                 |
| id         | gAAAAABY2nG_diuPBMl66vJye3mV3S7CWZKesIiSnbicq5XddujfHhc3x|
|            | PHni3iHWPcTQAjHoIEMTvSH6yKOQ6Z74QL6hVbshqP1dJrRJ6xEa9WvIk|
|            | F7H5j7lPmM7ncfVvr9k96gLJ6Uhz38R5qRnHBWkxrlNsgw1jdnAjxf5e |
| project_id | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe                         |
| user_id    | 63ca263543fb4b02bb34410e3dc8a801                         |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+

三、配置 Glance 镜像服务(Controller Node)

1.创建 glance 数据库

# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;              ##创建 glance 数据库
##对 glance 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码]
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'192.168.30.145' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

2.获取管理员访问权限

# . admin-openrc

3.创建服务证书

a.创建glance用户:

# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 3edeaaae87e14811ac2c6767ab657d6b |
| name                | glance                           |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

b.添加 admin 角色到 glance 用户和 service 项目上:

# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

c.创建“glance”服务实体:

# openstack service create --name glance \
  --description "OpenStack Image" p_w_picpath
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Image                  |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 |
| name        | glance                           |
| type        | p_w_picpath                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

d.创建镜像服务的 API 端点:

# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  p_w_picpath public http://192.168.30.145:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | ff6d9ed365cf4e7f8cc53d47e57cd46b |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | p_w_picpath                            |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9292       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  p_w_picpath internal http://192.168.30.145:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 7408dd72bc1745758cdf23e136ef7392 |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | p_w_picpath                            |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9292       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  p_w_picpath admin http://192.168.30.145:9292
--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 8ed4e7e1a5834177b4ce1896c21e6cb9 |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | p_w_picpath                            |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9292       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

4.安装并配置 Glance 组件

a.配置镜像API

# apt -y install glance
# vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@192.168.30.145/glance
[keystone_authtoken]---配置身份服务访问
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
[glance_store]---配置本地文件系统存储和图像文件位置
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/p_w_picpaths/
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
sqlite_db = /var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite
backend = sqlalchemy
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@192.168.30.145/glance
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/p_w_picpaths
disk_formats = ami,ari,aki,vhd,vhdx,vmdk,raw,qcow2,vdi,iso,ploop.root-tar
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
flavor = keystone

b.配置镜像注册服务

# vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@192.168.30.145/glance
[keystone_authtoken]---配置身份服务访问
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
sqlite_db = /var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite
backend = sqlalchemy
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@192.168.30.145/glance
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
flavor = keystone

5.同步镜像服务数据库

# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

6.重启服务

# service glance-registry restart
# service glance-api restart
# service glance-registry status
# service glance-api status

7.验证操作

使用 CirrOS 对镜像服务进行验证

CirrOS是一个小型的Linux镜像，可以用来进行 OpenStack部署测试。

a.获取管理员权限

# . admin-openrc

b.下载源镜像

# wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img

c.使用 QCOW2 磁盘格式， bare 容器格式上传镜像到镜像服务并设置公共可见

# openstack p_w_picpath create "cirros"\
  --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img \
  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
  --public
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum         | f8ab98ff5e73ebab884d80c9dc9c7290                     |
| container_format | bare                                                 |
| created_at       | 2017-03-29T05:57:56Z                                 |
| disk_format      | qcow2                                                |
| file             | /v2/p_w_picpaths/4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898/file |
| id               | 4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898                 |
| min_disk         | 0                                                    |
| min_ram          | 0                                                    |
| name             | cirros                                               |
| owner            | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe                     |
| protected        | False                                                |
| schema           | /v2/schemas/p_w_picpath                                    |
| size             | 13267968                                             |
| status           | active                                               |
| tags             |                                                      |
| updated_at       | 2017-03-29T05:57:56Z                                 |
| virtual_size     | None                                                 |
| visibility       | public                                               |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+

d.确认镜像的上传并验证属性

# openstack p_w_picpath list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

五、配置 Neutron 网络服务【各节点皆要配置】

1.创建 neutron 数据库

# mysql
MariaDB [(none)] CREATE DATABASE neutron;             ##创建 neutron 数据库
##对 neutron 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码]
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'192.168.30.145' \\
  IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' \\
  IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

2.获取管理员访问权限

# . admin-openrc

3.创建服务证书

a.创建 neutron 用户

# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 54cd9e72295c411090ea9f641cb02135 |
| name                | neutron                          |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

b.添加 admin 角色到 neutron 用户

# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

c.创建 neutron 服务实体

# openstack service create --name neutron \\
  --description "OpenStack Networking" network
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Networking             |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 |
| name        | neutron                          |
| type        | network                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

d.创建 neutron 服务API端点

# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \\
  network public http://192.168.30.145:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | a9b1b5b8fbb842a8b14a9cecca7a58a8 |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 |
| service_name | neutron                          |
| service_type | network                          |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9696       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
  
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \\
  network internal http://192.168.30.145:9696  
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 61e2c14b0c8f4003a7099012e9a6331f |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 |
| service_name | neutron                          |
| service_type | network                          |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9696       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \\
  network admin http://192.168.30.145:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 6719539759c34487bd519c0dffb5509d |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 |
| service_name | neutron                          |
| service_type | network                          |
| url          | http://192.168.30.145:9696       |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

4.配置网络类型2:私有网络

a.安装组件

# apt -y install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 \\
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-dhcp-agent \\
  neutron-metadata-agent

b.配置 Neutron 组件

# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[database]----配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
#connection = sqlite:////var/lib/neutron/neutron.sqlite
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron@192.168.30.145/neutron
[DEFAULT]----启用ML2插件、路由器服务和overlapping IP addresses
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
allow_overlapping_ips = true
  
[DEFAULT]----配置 RabbitMQ 消息队列访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.30.145
[DEFAULT]----配置认证服务访问
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]----配置认证服务访问
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
  
[DEFAULT]----配置网络服务来通知计算节点的网络拓扑变化
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true
[nova]----配置网络服务来通知计算节点的网络拓扑变化
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 
auth_strategy = keystone
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
allow_overlapping_ips = true
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.30.145
root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron@192.168.30.145/neutron
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
region_name = RegionOne
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
auth_type = password
password = nova
project_domain_name = default
project_name = service
user_domain_name = default
username = nova

c.配置 Modular Layer 2 (ML2) 插件

ML2插件使用Linuxbridge机制来为实例创建layer－2虚拟网络基础设施

# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]----启用flat，VLAN以及VXLAN网络
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
[ml2]----启用VXLAN私有网络
tenant_network_types = vxlan
[ml2]----启用Linuxbridge和layer－2机制
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
[ml2]----启用端口安全扩展驱动
extension_drivers = port_security  
[ml2_type_flat]----配置公共虚拟网络为flat网络
flat_networks = provider
[ml2_type_vxlan]----为私有网络配置VXLAN网络识别的网络范围
vni_ranges = 1:1000
[securitygroup]----启用 ipset 增加安全组规则的高效性
enable_ipset = true
 
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types = vxlan
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security
flat_networks = provider
vni_ranges = 1:1000
enable_ipset = true

注:Linuxbridge代理只支持VXLAN覆盖网络

d.配置Linuxbridge代理

Linuxbridge代理为实例建立layer－2虚拟网络并且处理安全组规则

# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]----对应公共虚拟网络和公共物理网络接口
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33
[vxlan]----启用VXLAN覆盖网络，配置覆盖网络的物理网络接口的IP地址，并启用layer－2 population
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 192.168.30.145
l2_population = true
[securitygroup]----启用安全组并配置防火墙服务
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
enable_security_group = true
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 192.168.30.145
l2_population = true

e.配置layer－3代理

Layer-3代理为私有虚拟网络提供路由和NAT服务

# vim /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]----配置Linuxbridge接口驱动和外部网络网桥
interface_driver = linuxbridge

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
interface_driver = linuxbridge

f.配置DHCP代理

DHCP代理为虚拟网络提供DHCP服务

# vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 
[DEFAULT]----配置Linuxbridge驱动接口，DHCP驱动并启用隔离元数据
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

g.配置元数据代理----负责提供配置信息

# vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]----配置元数据主机以及共享密码
nova_metadata_ip = 192.168.30.145
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini 
nova_metadata_ip = 192.168.30.145
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123

5.在控制节点上为计算节点配置网络服务

# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]----配置访问参数，启用元数据代理并设置密码
url = http://192.168.30.145:9696
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/nova/nova.conf

6.完成安装

a.同步数据库

# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \\
  --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
......
OK

注:数据库的同步发生在 Networking 之后，因为脚本需要完成服务器和插件的配置文件

b.重启计算 API 服务

# service nova-api restart

c.重启 Networking 服务

对于两种网络类型:

# service neutron-server restart
# service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart
# service neutron-dhcp-agent restart
# service neutron-metadata-agent restart

对于网络类型 2 ，还需重启 L3 服务:

# service neutron-l3-agent restart

d.确认启动与否

# service nova-api status
# service neutron-server status
# service neutron-linuxbridge-agent status
# service neutron-dhcp-agent status
# service neutron-metadata-agent status
# service neutron-l3-agent status

7.配置 Compute Node 的 Neutron 网络服务

# apt -y install neutron-linuxbridge-agent
# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[database]----计算节点不直接访问数据库
#connection = sqlite:////var/lib/neutron/neutron.sqlite
[DEFAULT]----配置 RabbitMQ 消息队列访问[用户名:密码@控制节点]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.30.145
[DEFAULT]----配置认证服务访问
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]----配置认证服务访问
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 
auth_strategy = keystone
core_plugin = ml2
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.30.145
root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf
auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron

8.为计算节点配置网络服务

# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]----配置访问参数
url = http://192.168.30.145:9696
auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
# grep ^[a-z] /etc/nova/nova.conf

9.完成安装

a.重启计算服务:

# service nova-compute restart
# service nova-compute status

b.重启Linuxbridge代理:

# service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart
# service neutron-linuxbridge-agent status

10.在计算节点上配置网络类型2

配置Linuxbridge代理----为实例建立layer－2虚拟网络并且处理安全组规则

# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]----对应公共虚拟网络和公共物理网络接口
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33
[vxlan]----启用VXLAN覆盖网络，配置覆盖网络的物理网络接口的IP地址，启用layer－2 population
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 192.168.30.146
l2_population = true
[securitygroup]----启用安全组并配置firewall_driver
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

# grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
enable_security_group = true
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 192.168.30.146
l2_population = true

11.在控制节点上验证操作

a.获取管理员权限

# . admin-openrc

b.列出加载的扩展来验证 neutron-server 进程是否正常启动

# openstack extension list --network
+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+
| Name                 | Alias                | Description              |
+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+
| Default Subnetpools  | default-subnetpools  | Provides ability to mark |
|                      |                      | and use a subnetpool as  |
|                      |                      | the default              |
| Network IP           | network-ip-          | Provides IP availability |
| Availability         | availability         | data for each network    |
|                      |                      | and subnet.              |
| Network Availability |network_availability_z| Availability zone        |
| Zone                 | one                  | support for network.     |
| Auto Allocated       | auto-allocated-      | Auto Allocated Topology  |
| Topology Services    | topology             | Services.                |
| Neutron L3           | ext-gw-mode          | Extension of the router  |
| Configurable external|                      | abstraction for          |
| gateway mode         |                      | specifying whether SNAT  |
|                      |                      | should occur on the      |
|                      |                      | external gateway         |
| Port Binding         | binding              | Expose port bindings of  |
|                      |                      | a virtual port to        |
|                      |                      | external application     |
| agent                | agent                | The agent management     |
|                      |                      | extension.               |
| Subnet Allocation    | subnet_allocation    | Enables allocation of    |
|                      |                      | subnets from a subnet    |
|                      |                      | pool                     |
| L3 Agent Scheduler   | l3_agent_scheduler   | Schedule routers among   |
|                      |                      | l3 agents                |
| Tag support          | tag                  | Enables to set tag on    |
|                      |                      | resources.               |
| Neutron external     | external-net         | Adds external network    |
| network              |                      | attribute to network     |
|                      |                      | resource.                |
| Neutron Service      | flavors              | Flavor specification for |
| Flavors              |                      | Neutron advanced         |
|                      |                      | services                 |
| Network MTU          | net-mtu              | Provides MTU attribute   |
|                      |                      | for a network resource.  |
| Availability Zone    | availability_zone    | The availability zone    |
|                      |                      | extension.               |
| Quota management     | quotas               | Expose functions for     |
| support              |                      | quotas management per    |
|                      |                      | tenant                   |
| HA Router extension  | l3-ha                | Add HA capability to     |
|                      |                      | routers.                 |
| Provider Network     | provider             | Expose mapping of        |
|                      |                      | virtual networks to      |
|                      |                      | physical networks        |
|Multi Provider Network| multi-provider       | Expose mapping of        |
|                      |                      | virtual networks to      |
|                      |                      | multiple physical        |
|                      |                      | networks                 |
| Address scope        | address-scope        | Address scopes           |
|                      |                      | extension.               |
| Neutron Extra Route  | extraroute           | Extra routes             |
|                      |                      | configuration for L3     |
|                      |                      | router                   |
| Subnet service types | subnet-service-types | Provides ability to set  |
|                      |                      | the subnet service_types |
|                      |                      | field                    |
| Resource timestamps  | standard-attr-       | Adds created_at and      |
|                      | timestamp            | updated_at fields to all |
|                      |                      | Neutron resources that   |
|                      |                      | have Neutron standard    |
|                      |                      | attributes.              |
| Neutron Service Type | service-type         | API for retrieving       |
| Management           |                      | service providers for    |
|                      |                      | Neutron advanced         |
|                      |                      | services                 |
| Router Flavor        | l3-flavors           | Flavor support for       |
| Extension            |                      | routers.                 |
| Port Security        | port-security        | Provides port security   |
| Neutron Extra DHCP   | extra_dhcp_opt       | Extra options            |
| opts                 |                      | configuration for DHCP.  |
|                      |                      | For example PXE boot     |
|                      |                      | options to DHCP clients  |
|                      |                      | can be specified (e.g.   |
|                      |                      | tftp-server, server-ip-  |
|                      |                      | address, bootfile-name)  |
| Resource revision    | standard-attr-       | This extension will      |
| numbers              | revisions            | display the revision     |
|                      |                      | number of neutron        |
|                      |                      | resources.               |
| Pagination support   | pagination           | Extension that indicates |
|                      |                      | that pagination is       |
|                      |                      | enabled.                 |
| Sorting support      | sorting              | Extension that indicates |
|                      |                      | that sorting is enabled. |
| security-group       | security-group       | The security groups      |
|                      |                      | extension.               |
| DHCP Agent Scheduler | dhcp_agent_scheduler | Schedule networks among  |
|                      |                      | dhcp agents              |
| Router Availability  |router_availability_zo| Availability zone        |
| Zone                 | ne                   | support for router.      |
| RBAC Policies        | rbac-policies        | Allows creation and      |
|                      |                      | modification of policies |
|                      |                      | that control tenant      |
|                      |                      | access to resources.     |
| Tag support for      | tag-ext              | Extends tag support to   |
| resources: subnet,   |                      | more L2 and L3           |
| subnetpool, port,    |                      | resources.               |
| router               |                      |                          |
| standard-attr-       | standard-attr-       | Extension to add         |
| description          | description          | descriptions to standard |
|                      |                      | attributes               |
| Neutron L3 Router    | router               | Router abstraction for   |
|                      |                      | basic L3 forwarding      |
|                      |                      | between L2 Neutron       |
|                      |                      | networks and access to   |
|                      |                      | external networks via a  |
|                      |                      | NAT gateway.             |
| Allowed Address Pairs| allowed-address-pairs| Provides allowed address |
|                      |                      | pairs                    |
| project_id field     | project-id           | Extension that indicates |
| enabled              |                      | that project_id field is |
|                      |                      | enabled.                 |
| Distributed Virtual  | dvr                  | Enables configuration of |
| Router               |                      | Distributed Virtual      |
|                      |                      | Routers.                 |
+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+

c.启动 neutron 代理验证是否成功

# neutron agent-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+
| id                                   | agent_type         | host       | 
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+
| 23601054-312a-497c-b728-4b791ce76e64 | L3 agent           | controller | 
| 9a7546d9-73ec-47e0-ab23-ca2a5366660f | Linux bridge agent | controller | 
| acd42d89-1af4-413f-be77-3172d38a805d | Metadata agent     | controller | 
| b438ae93-aaf3-41f0-a7b7-d1502a1986c9 | DHCP agent         | controller | 
| e1d32b6b-07c6-468b-965d-ce9dfd09b338 | Linux bridge agent | compute    | 
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+
+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary                    |
+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| nova              | :-)   | True           | neutron-l3-agent          |
|                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |
|                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-metadata-agent    |
| nova              | :-)   | True           | neutron-dhcp-agent        |
|                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |
+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+

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