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Kubernetes安装Jenkins的思路详解

2024-04-02 19:55

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环境

生产实践-k8s安装Jenkins和Jenkins Kubernetes插件
环境要求：你需要一个正常可以使用的Kubernetes集群，集群中可以使用的内存大于等于4G。
Kubernetes版本1.18

思路

Jenkins插件可以在Kubernetes集群中运行动态jenkins-slave代理。

基于Kubernetes的docker，自动化在Kubernetes中运行的Jenkins-slave代理的缩放。

该插件为每个jenkins-slave代理创建Kubernetes Pod，并在每个构建后停止它。

在Kubernetes中jenkins-slave代理启动，会自动连接到Jenkins主控制器。对于某些环境变量，会自动注入：

Jenkins_URL：Jenkins Web界面URL
jenkins_secret：身份验证的秘密密钥
jenkins_agent_name：jenkins代理的名称
jenkins_name：jenkins代理的名称（已弃用。仅用于向后兼容性）
不需要在Kubernetes内运行Jenkins Controller。

1、NFS（动态存储）

#安装
yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
mkdir -p /data/nfsdata
 
# 修改配置
$ vim /etc/exports
/data/nfsdata 192.168.31.* (rw,async,no_root_squash)
 
# 使配置生效
$ exportfs -r
 
# 服务端查看下是否生效
$ showmount -e localhost
 
Export list for localhost:
/data/nfsdata (everyone)

2、helm安装nfs-client

stable       	https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
helm添加这个源

下载helm包
helm pull aliyuncs/nfs-client-provisioner
解压
tar -zxvf nfs-client-provisioner-1.2.8.tgz
修复values.yaml 三处
image:
  repository: quay.io/external_storage/nfs-client-provisioner
  tag: v3.1.0-k8s1.11
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
nfs:
  server: 192.168.31.73
  path: /data/nfsdata
  reclaimPolicy: Retain

3、创建namespace

kubectl create namespace jenkins
kubectl get namespaces

4、持久化Jenkins数据

pvc.yaml

 apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: jenkins-pvc
  namespace: jenkins
spec:
  storageClassName: "nfsdata"
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi

通过kubectl部署volume

kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml

5、创建service account

创建pod时，如果不指定服务账户，则会自动为其分配一个名为default的同一namespace中的服务账户。但是通常应用程序时存在权限不足的情况，所以需要我们自己创建一个服务账户。
①下载jenkins-sa.yaml

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jenkins-infra/jenkins.io/master/content/doc/tutorials/kubernetes/installing-jenkins-on-kubernetes/jenkins-sa.yaml

②通过kubectl部署jenkins-sa.yaml

kubectl apply -f jenkins-sa.yaml

或者使用下面的文件

jenkins-sa.yaml

 
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: jenkins
  namespace: jenkins
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: jenkins
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - '*'
  resources:
  - statefulsets
  - services
  - replicationcontrollers
  - replicasets
  - podtemplates
  - podsecuritypolicies
  - pods
  - pods/log
  - pods/exec
  - podpreset
  - poddisruptionbudget
  - persistentvolumes
  - persistentvolumeclaims
  - jobs
  - endpoints
  - deployments
  - deployments/scale
  - daemonsets
  - cronjobs
  - configmaps
  - namespaces
  - events
  - secrets
  verbs:
  - create
  - get
  - watch
  - delete
  - list
  - patch
  - update
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
  - update
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: jenkins
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: jenkins
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Group
  name: system:serviceaccounts:jenkins

6、安装Jenkins

jenkins-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: jenkins
  namespace: jenkins
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: jenkins
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: jenkins
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: jenkins   #指定我们前面创建的服务账号
      containers:
      - name: jenkins
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/s-ops/jenkins:2.346
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        - containerPort: 50000
        volumeMounts:
        - name: jenkins-home
          mountPath: /var/jenkins_home
      volumes:
      - name: jenkins-home
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: jenkins-pvc     #指定前面创建的PVC

通过kubectl部署jenkins-deployment.yaml

kubectl create -f jenkins-deployment.yaml -n jenkins

7、授权对Jenkins服务的访问权限

主要目的暴露外部访问Jenkins的8080端口，我将31400定义为8080的映射端口。

jenkins-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: jenkins
  namespace: jenkins
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080
    nodePort: 31400
  - name: agent
    port: 50000
    targetPort: 50000
    nodePort: 31401
  selector:
    app: jenkins

通过kubectl部署服务

kubectl create -f jenkins-service.yaml -n jenkins

8、打开浏览器IP:31400/

查看密码

kubectl get pod -n jenkins  //查询podname
kubectl logs podname -n jenkins
 
*************************************************************
 
Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
 
cf8d9da9de0346fd90461be366915d76
 
This may also be found at: /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword
 
*************************************************************

选择推荐插件安装，创建管理员~完成！