Android编程下拉菜单spinner用法小结(附2则示例)

2022-06-06 09:23

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本文较为详细的总结分析了Android编程下拉菜单spinner用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

Spinner控件也是一种列表类型的控件，它的继承关系如下：

java.lang.Object
   ↳ android.view.View
     ↳ android.view.ViewGroup
       ↳ android.widget.AdapterView<Textends android.widget.Adapter>
         ↳ android.widget.AbsSpinner
          ↳ android.widget.Spinner

android.widget.Spinner继承了android.view.ViewGroup类。

在Android的UI开发中，Spinner(下拉列表)总是可以用到的，一个简单的自定义Spinner制作我们只需要记住这重要的五步，一个Spinner就可以应用而生了。

(1)新建一个android工程，名称为Spinner。同时建一个Activity，名称为SpinnerActivity。

(2)修改res/layout/main.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 android:orientation="vertical" 
 android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
 android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
 > 
 <TextView 
 android:id = "@+id/TextView_city" 
 android:layout_width = "wrap_content" 
 android:layout_height = "wrap_content" 
 android:text = "所在城市：" 
 /> 
 <!-- 定义一个城市信息下拉菜单--> 
 <Spinner 
 android:id = "@+id/Spinner_city" 
 android:layout_width = "wrap_content" 
 android:layout_height ="wrap_content" > 
 </Spinner > 
</LinearLayout>

(3)SpinnerActivity.java 代码


package cn.com; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.List; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.view.MotionEvent; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.widget.AdapterView; 
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; 
import android.widget.Spinner; 
import android.widget.TextView; 
public class SpinnerActivity extends Activity { 
  
 private List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); 
 private TextView myTextView; 
 private Spinner mySpinner; 
 private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter; 
 @Override 
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 //第一步：添加一个下拉列表项的list，这里添加的项就是下拉列表的菜单项
 list.add("北京"); 
 list.add("上海"); 
 list.add("深圳"); 
 list.add("福州"); 
 list.add("厦门"); 
 myTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.TextView_city); 
 mySpinner = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.Spinner_city); 
 //第二步：为下拉列表定义一个适配器，这里就用到里前面定义的list。 
 adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, list);
 //第三步：为适配器设置下拉列表下拉时的菜单样式。 
 adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); 
 //第四步：将适配器添加到下拉列表上 
 mySpinner.setAdapter(adapter); 
 //第五步：为下拉列表设置各种事件的响应，这个事响应菜单被选中 
 mySpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new Spinner.OnItemSelectedListener(){ 
  public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) { 
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
   
  myTextView.setText("您选择的是："+ adapter.getItem(arg2)); 
   
  arg0.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); 
  } 
  public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) { 
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
  myTextView.setText("NONE"); 
  arg0.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); 
  } 
 }); 
  
 mySpinner.setOnTouchListener(new Spinner.OnTouchListener(){ 
  public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { 
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
   
  return false; 
  } 
 }); 
  
 mySpinner.setOnFocusChangeListener(new Spinner.OnFocusChangeListener(){ 
 public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) { 
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
 } 
 }); 
 } 
}

运行结果如下图所示：

补充：Spinner控件用法示例2则

用法1：


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 tools:context="com.example.mars_2100_spinner.MainActivity"
 tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame" >
<Spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/SpinnerId"/>
</LinearLayout>


package com.example.mars_2100_spinner;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.os.Build;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
 private static final String[] m_arr = {"第一组","第二组","第三组"};
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 Spinner _spin = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.SpinnerId);
 ArrayAdapter<String> ada = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, m_arr);
 ada.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
 _spin.setAdapter(ada);
 _spin.setOnItemSelectedListener(new Spinner.OnItemSelectedListener(){
  public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3){
  dispToast("选择的是"+m_arr[arg2]);
  arg0.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
  }
  public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0){
  //
  }
 });
 
 }
 public void dispToast(String str){
 Toast.makeText(this, str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }
 @Override
 public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
 // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
 getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
 return true;
 }
 @Override
 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
 // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
 // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
 // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
 int id = item.getItemId();
 if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
  return true;
 }
 return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
 }
 
 public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
 public PlaceholderFragment() {
 }
 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
  return rootView;
 }
 }
}

用法2：


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 tools:context="com.example.mars_2100_spinner.MainActivity"
 tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame" >
<Spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/SpinnerId2"/>
<TextView android:id="@+id/textView1"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<Spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/SpinnerId3"/>
<TextView android:id="@+id/textView2"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>


package com.example.mars_2100_spinner;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.os.Build;
public class Main02Activity extends Activity {
 static final String[] CONSTELLATIONS = new String[] { "白羊座", "金牛座", "双子座", "巨蟹座", "狮子座", "处女座", "天枰座", "天蝎座", "射手座", "魔蝎座", "水瓶座", "双鱼座" };
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main02);
 final TextView txt2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
 Spinner s1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.SpinnerId2);
 final ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.planets_array, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
 adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
 s1.setAdapter(adapter);
 s1.setPrompt("测试");
 s1.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
  @Override
  public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
  txt2.setText(adapter.getItem(position).toString());
  }
  @Override
  public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
  txt2.setText("没选中的");
  }
 });
 final TextView txt4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);
 Spinner s2 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.SpinnerId3);
 ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapterC = new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, CONSTELLATIONS);
 adapterC.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
 s2.setAdapter(adapterC);
 s2.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
  public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
  txt4.setText(CONSTELLATIONS[position]);
  }
  public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
  txt4.setText("没选中的");
  }
 });
 }
 @Override
 public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
 // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
 getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main02, menu);
 return true;
 }
 @Override
 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
 // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
 // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
 // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
 int id = item.getItemId();
 if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
  return true;
 }
 return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
 }
 
 public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
 public PlaceholderFragment() {
 }
 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main02, container, false);
  return rootView;
 }
 }
}


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <string name="app_name">Mars_2100_Spinner</string>
 <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
 <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
 <string-array name="planets_array">
 <item>Mercury</item>
 <item>Venus</item>
 <item>Earth</item>
 <item>Mars</item>
 <item>Jupiter</item>
 <item>Saturn</item>
 <item>Uranus</item>
 <item>Neptune</item>
 </string-array>
 <string name="title_activity_main02">Main02Activity</string>
</resources>

希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。

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小结示例 spinner Android

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