Android扫描WIFI权限功能怎么实现

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权限

根据官方文档描述，扫描WIFI需要申请相关权限，如下：

Android 13以上

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />    <!--在Android13以上，当usesPermissionFlags设置为neverForLocation时，无需再申请ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION权限-->    <uses-permission        android:name="android.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES"        android:usesPermissionFlags="neverForLocation" /></manifest>

Android 13以下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" /></manifest>

需要注意，在实际测试中，Android 13以上的设备仍然需要申请android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION才能扫描到WIFI，测试设备为小米13。

注册广播监听扫描状态

通过注册广播监听WIFI扫描是否完成，代码如下：

class WIFIExampleActivity : AppCompatActivity() {    private val scanResultReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {        override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {            if (intent?.getBooleanExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_RESULTS_UPDATED, false) == true) {                // 扫描完成            }        }    }    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)        // 注册广播        registerReceiver(scanResultReceiver, IntentFilter().apply {            addAction(WifiManager.SCAN_RESULTS_AVAILABLE_ACTION)        })    }    override fun onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy()        // 移除广播        unregisterReceiver(scanResultReceiver)    }}

扫描WIFI

通过WifiManager扫描WIFI，并获取扫描结果，代码如下：

// 列表适配器class WIFIAdapter : RecyclerView.Adapter<WIFIAdapter.WIFIViewHolder>() {    private val wifiData = ArrayList<WIFIEntity>()    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): WIFIViewHolder {        return WIFIViewHolder(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.layout_wifi_item, parent, false))    }    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: WIFIViewHolder, position: Int) {        wifiData[position].run {            holder.tvWifiName.text = wifiSSID            holder.tvWifiSSID.text = wifiBSSID            holder.ivWifiStrength.setImageResource(getStrengthIcon(wifiStrength))            holder.ivNeedPassword.setImageResource(if (needPassword) R.drawable.icon_lock else R.drawable.icon_unlock)        }    }    override fun getItemCount(): Int {        return wifiData.size    }    fun setNewData(wifiData: ArrayList<WIFIEntity>?) {        val lastItemCount = itemCount        if (lastItemCount != 0) {            this.wifiData.clear()            notifyItemRangeRemoved(0, lastItemCount)        }        wifiData?.let { this.wifiData.addAll(it) }        notifyItemChanged(0, itemCount)    }    private fun getStrengthIcon(wifiStrength: Int): Int {        return when (wifiStrength) {            0 -> R.drawable.wifi_strength_0            1 -> R.drawable.wifi_strength_1            2 -> R.drawable.wifi_strength_2            else -> R.drawable.wifi_strength_3        }    }    interface ItemClickListener {        fun onItemClick(wifiInfo: WIFIEntity)    }    class WIFIViewHolder(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {        val tvWifiName: AppCompatTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_wifi_name)        val tvWifiSSID: AppCompatTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_wifi_ssid)        val ivNeedPassword: AppCompatImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_need_password)        val ivWifiStrength: AppCompatImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_wifi_strength)    }}class WIFIExampleActivity : AppCompatActivity() {    private lateinit var binding: LayoutWifiExampleActivityBinding    private val wifiAdapter = WIFIAdapter()    private var wifiManager: WifiManager? = null    private var requestPermissionName: String = Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION    private val requestSinglePermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted: Boolean ->        if (granted) {            // 申请定位权限通过，扫描WIFI            if (wifiManager?.isWifiEnabled == true) {                wifiManager?.startScan()            }        } else {            //未同意授权            if (!shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(requestPermissionName)) {                //用户拒绝权限并且系统不再弹出请求权限的弹窗                //这时需要我们自己处理，比如自定义弹窗告知用户为何必须要申请这个权限            }        }    }    private val scanResultReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {        override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {            if (intent?.getBooleanExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_RESULTS_UPDATED, false) == true) {                val wifiData = ArrayList<WIFIEntity>()                wifiManager?.scanResults?.forEach {                    val ssid = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {                        it.wifiSsid.toString()                    } else {                        it.SSID                    }                    val bssid = it.BSSID                    // 获取WIFI加密类型                    val capabilities = it.capabilities                    // 获取WIFI信号强度                    val level = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {                        wifiManager?.calculateSignalLevel(it.level) ?: 0                    } else {                        WifiManager.calculateSignalLevel(it.level, 4)                    }                    wifiData.add(WIFIEntity(ssid, bssid, capabilities.contains("wpa", true) || capabilities.contains("web", true), capabilities, level))                }                // 根据信号强度降序排列                wifiData.sortByDescending { it.wifiStrength }                wifiAdapter.setNewData(wifiData)            }        }    }    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)        binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.layout_wifi_example_activity)        wifiManager = applicationContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE) as WifiManager        binding.includeTitle.tvTitle.text = "WIFI Example"        binding.btnStartScan.setOnClickListener {            // 检测定位权限            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, requestPermissionName) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                if (wifiManager?.isWifiEnabled == true) {                    wifiManager?.startScan()                }            } else {                requestSinglePermissionLauncher.launch(requestPermissionName)            }        }        binding.rvWifiInfo.adapter = wifiAdapter        registerReceiver(scanResultReceiver, IntentFilter().apply {            addAction(WifiManager.SCAN_RESULTS_AVAILABLE_ACTION)        })    }    override fun onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy()        unregisterReceiver(scanResultReceiver)    }}

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