怎么使用Matlab制作简单的粒子圣诞树

这篇“怎么使用Matlab制作简单的粒子圣诞树”文章的知识点大部分人都不太理解，所以小编给大家总结了以下内容，内容详细，步骤清晰，具有一定的借鉴价值，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获，下面我们一起来看看这篇“怎么使用Matlab制作简单的粒子圣诞树”文章吧。

效果图：

这期就是非常简单的三个图形组合：

圣诞树主体

% 圣诞树形状生成函数h0=25;r0=12;a0=.5.*pi;XFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*cos(a.*z);YFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*sin(a.*z);ZFunc=@(h,r,z) z+sqrt(12^2-((h-z)./h.*r).^2);% 生成最外圈散点Z0=linspace(0,12.5,150);X0=XFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0);Y0=YFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0);% 生成中心点ZC=ZFunc(h0,r0,Z0);t0=linspace(.05,1,25)';% 生成树枝上的散点treeXYZ=zeros([length(Z0)*length(t0),3]);for i=1:length(Z0)    treeXYZ((i-1)*length(t0)+1:i*length(t0),:)=...        [0,0,ZC(i)]+[X0(i),Y0(i),Z0(i)-ZC(i)].*t0;end% 绘制圣诞树treeXYZ=treeXYZ+rand(size(treeXYZ))./3;treeCData=repmat([0,235,81]./255,[length(Z0)*length(t0),1]);treeCData=treeCData+rand(size(treeXYZ))./2;treeCData(treeCData>1)=1;scatter3(treeXYZ(:,1),treeXYZ(:,2),treeXYZ(:,3)-3,3,'o','filled','CData',treeCData,...    'MarkerFaceAlpha',.7,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')

主体就是锥形螺旋线和中轴之间连线上取的一些散点：

背景修饰

ax=gca;set(gcf,'Color',[22,32,51]./255);% 坐标区域修饰set(ax,'XLim',[-27 27],'YLim',[-27,27],'ZLim',[-9,28],'PlotBoxAspectRatio',[1,1,.8],...    'XColor','none','YColor','none','ZColor','none','Color',[22,32,51]./255,'View',[-37.5,19.5],...    'Position',[-.5,-.2,2,1.4],'Tag',char([100,105,115,112,40,39,20316,32773,...    58,115,108,97,110,100,97,114,101,114,39,41]));eval(ax.Tag)

绘制地面

这里将距离中心点的距离映射为余弦函数：

% 绘制地面[surfX,surfY]=meshgrid(linspace(-25,25,60));surfZ=cos(hypot(surfX,surfY))-5;surfZ=surfZ+rand(size(surfX)).*1.2;surfX=surfX+rand(size(surfX))./1.8;surfY=surfY+rand(size(surfX))./1.8;scatter3(surfX,surfY,surfZ,3,'o','filled','CData',[91,131,253]./255,...    'MarkerFaceAlpha',.4,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')

水晶球

就是一个半透明的球:

% 绘制水晶球[ballX,ballY,ballZ]=sphere(20);surf(ballX.*18,ballY.*18,ballZ.*15+8,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.1);colormap(gray);light;lighting phong;shading interp;

添加雪花并旋转视角

% 绘制雪花snowXYZ1=rand(27,3);snowXYZ1(:,1:2)=snowXYZ1(:,1:2).*50-25;snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3).*30;snowXYZ2=rand(60,3);snowXYZ2(:,1:2)=snowXYZ2(:,1:2).*50-25;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3).*30;snowHdl1=plot3(snowXYZ1(:,1),snowXYZ1(:,2),snowXYZ1(:,3),'*','Color',[1 1 1]);snowHdl2=plot3(snowXYZ2(:,1),snowXYZ2(:,2),snowXYZ2(:,3),'.','Color',[.6,.6,.6]);% 旋转图像、雪花飘落for i=1:1e8    snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3)-.1;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3)-.01;    snowXYZ1(snowXYZ1(:,3)<-5,3)=30;snowXYZ2(snowXYZ2(:,3)<-5,3)=30;    snowHdl1.XData=snowXYZ1(:,1);snowHdl1.YData=snowXYZ1(:,2);snowHdl1.ZData=snowXYZ1(:,3);    snowHdl2.XData=snowXYZ2(:,1);snowHdl2.YData=snowXYZ2(:,2);snowHdl2.ZData=snowXYZ2(:,3);    view([i,19.5]);    drawnow;pause(.05)end

完整代码

function XmasTree2022_2% @author:slandarer% 圣诞树形状生成函数h0=25;r0=12;a0=.5.*pi;XFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*cos(a.*z);YFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*sin(a.*z);ZFunc=@(h,r,z) z+sqrt(12^2-((h-z)./h.*r).^2);% 生成最外圈散点Z0=linspace(0,12.5,150);X0=XFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0);Y0=YFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0);% 生成中心点ZC=ZFunc(h0,r0,Z0);t0=linspace(.05,1,25)';% 生成树枝上的散点treeXYZ=zeros([length(Z0)*length(t0),3]);for i=1:length(Z0)    treeXYZ((i-1)*length(t0)+1:i*length(t0),:)=...        [0,0,ZC(i)]+[X0(i),Y0(i),Z0(i)-ZC(i)].*t0;endax=gca;hold on;set(gcf,'Color',[22,32,51]./255);% 绘制圣诞树treeXYZ=treeXYZ+rand(size(treeXYZ))./3;treeCData=repmat([0,235,81]./255,[length(Z0)*length(t0),1]);treeCData=treeCData+rand(size(treeXYZ))./2;treeCData(treeCData>1)=1;scatter3(treeXYZ(:,1),treeXYZ(:,2),treeXYZ(:,3)-3,3,'o','filled','CData',treeCData,...    'MarkerFaceAlpha',.7,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')% 绘制水晶球[ballX,ballY,ballZ]=sphere(20);surf(ballX.*18,ballY.*18,ballZ.*15+8,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.1);colormap(gray);light;lighting phong;shading interp;% 绘制地面[surfX,surfY]=meshgrid(linspace(-25,25,60));surfZ=cos(hypot(surfX,surfY))-5;surfZ=surfZ+rand(size(surfX)).*1.2;surfX=surfX+rand(size(surfX))./1.8;surfY=surfY+rand(size(surfX))./1.8;scatter3(surfX,surfY,surfZ,3,'o','filled','CData',[91,131,253]./255,...    'MarkerFaceAlpha',.4,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')% 坐标区域修饰set(ax,'XLim',[-27 27],'YLim',[-27,27],'ZLim',[-9,28],'PlotBoxAspectRatio',[1,1,.8],...    'XColor','none','YColor','none','ZColor','none','Color',[22,32,51]./255,'View',[-37.5,19.5],...    'Position',[-.5,-.2,2,1.4],'Tag',char([100,105,115,112,40,39,20316,32773,...    58,115,108,97,110,100,97,114,101,114,39,41]));eval(ax.Tag)% 绘制雪花snowXYZ1=rand(27,3);snowXYZ1(:,1:2)=snowXYZ1(:,1:2).*50-25;snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3).*30;snowXYZ2=rand(60,3);snowXYZ2(:,1:2)=snowXYZ2(:,1:2).*50-25;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3).*30;snowHdl1=plot3(snowXYZ1(:,1),snowXYZ1(:,2),snowXYZ1(:,3),'*','Color',[1 1 1]);snowHdl2=plot3(snowXYZ2(:,1),snowXYZ2(:,2),snowXYZ2(:,3),'.','Color',[.6,.6,.6]);% 旋转图像、雪花飘落for i=1:1e8    snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3)-.1;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3)-.01;    snowXYZ1(snowXYZ1(:,3)<-5,3)=30;snowXYZ2(snowXYZ2(:,3)<-5,3)=30;    snowHdl1.XData=snowXYZ1(:,1);snowHdl1.YData=snowXYZ1(:,2);snowHdl1.ZData=snowXYZ1(:,3);    snowHdl2.XData=snowXYZ2(:,1);snowHdl2.YData=snowXYZ2(:,2);snowHdl2.ZData=snowXYZ2(:,3);    view([i,19.5]);    drawnow;pause(.05)endend

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