sentinel整合ribbon与fallback流程分步讲解
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前期准备：
启动nacos和sentinel
提供者9003/9004（以9003为样本）
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>yml文件
server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
配置9004的时候记得修改端口
主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
}
}业务类
@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
public static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
static
{
hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
}
@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment);
return result;
}
}测试1
启动9003访问localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1
消费者84
新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>yml文件
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
主启动
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
}
}配置类
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
}业务类1
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback")
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
}测试2
启动9003 9004 84
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
再访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
可以发现第一次是9004端口，第二次是9003端口，这里面的话，就可以就知道意见实现了ribbon中的轮训
测试3
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
给客户error页面，不友好
修改业务类（只配置fallback）
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback负责业务异常
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
本例sentinel无配置
测试4
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
这里可以发现没有出现error界面，而是我们自己配置的兜底的处理方案
修改业务类（只配置blockHandler ）
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler负责在sentinel里面配置的降级限流
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
配置sentinel
测试5
访问2次以后http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
修改业务类（fallback和blockHandler都配置）
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler")
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
测试 6
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
再访问的时候，那就意味着这个时候会被限流处理
若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置，则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑。
修改业务类（忽略属性.......）
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler",
exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
测试7
访问http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4
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