怎么使用sqlalchemy-gbasedbt连接GBase 8s数据库
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测试环境：
操作系统：CentOS 7.9 64-bit
数据库版本：GBase8sV8.8_AEE_3.0.0_1，对应的CSDK版本为3.0.0_1
1，确认安装python3
确认已经安装python3和python3-devel
[root@localhost test]# python3 -VPython 3.6.8如果没有安装，建议使用yum install python3来安装。
升级pip的版本
[root@localhost test]# python3 -m pip install --upgrade --force-reinstall pipWARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `__main__.py install --user` instead.Collecting pip Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a4/6d/6463d49a933f547439d6b5b98b46af8742cc03ae83543e4d7688c2420f8b/pip-21.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.7MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.7MB 235kB/sInstalling collected packages: pipSuccessfully installed pip-21.3.1[root@localhost test]# pip3 listWARNING: pip is being invoked by an old script wrapper. This will fail in a future version of pip.Please see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5599 for advice on fixing the underlying issue.To avoid this problem you can invoke Python with '-m pip' instead of running pip directly.Package Version---------- -------pip 21.3.1setuptools 39.2.02，安装GBase 8s数据库连接工具（CSDK）
解压到指定目录/opt下，生成/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver目录
[root@localhost test]# ll总用量 35188-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 36029237 3月 11 20:52 GBase8s_3.0.0_1-Linux64-ODBC-Driver.tar.gz[root@localhost test]# tar -zxf GBase8s_3.0.0_1-Linux64-ODBC-Driver.tar.gz -C /opt/[root@localhost test]# cd /opt/[root@localhost opt]# ll总用量 4drwxr-xr-x. 20 gbasedbt gbasedbt 4096 3月 10 15:14 gbasedrwxrwxr-x. 9 1001 1003 88 12月 13 2020 gbase8s-odbc-driverdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 10月 31 2018 rh创建必须的环境变量，并使环境生效
export GBASEDBTDIR=/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driverexport CSDK_HOME=/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driverexport PATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/lib:$GBASEDBTDIR/lib/cli:$GBASEDBTDIR/lib/esql:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH创建sqlhosts配置文件
[root@localhost test]# vi /opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver/etc/sqlhosts[root@localhost test]# more /opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver/etc/sqlhostsgbase01 onsoctcp a02.gbasedbt.com 90883，安装sqlalchemy-gbasedbt
3.1, 在线安装sqlalchemy-gbasedbt
确认python3、python3-devel和gcc均已经安装，CSDK也已经安装以及环境变量已经配置的情况下，可直连网络的情况下，可使用pip3 install sqlalchemy-gbasedbt直接安装
[root@localhost test]# pip3 install sqlalchemy-gbasedbtCollecting sqlalchemy-gbasedbt Using cached sqlalchemy_gbasedbt-0.2.4-py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)Collecting DbtPy Using cached DbtPy-3.0.5.4.tar.gz (162 kB) Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... doneRequirement already satisfied: sqlalchemy in /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages (from sqlalchemy-gbasedbt) (1.4.46)Requirement already satisfied: greenlet!=0.4.17 in /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages (from sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt) (2.0.2)Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt) (4.8.3)Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions>=3.6.4 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata->sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt) (4.1.1)Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata->sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt) (3.6.0)Using legacy 'setup.py install' for DbtPy, since package 'wheel' is not installed.Installing collected packages: DbtPy, sqlalchemy-gbasedbt Running setup.py install for DbtPy ... doneSuccessfully installed DbtPy-3.0.5.4 sqlalchemy-gbasedbt-0.2.4将同时安装依赖包：sqlalchemy、greenlet、importlib-metadata、typing-extensions、zipp和DbtPy，安装后的pip3列表如下：
[root@localhost test]# pip3 listPackage Version------------------- -------DbtPy 3.0.5.4greenlet 2.0.2importlib-metadata 4.8.3pip 21.3.1setuptools 39.2.0SQLAlchemy 1.4.46sqlalchemy-gbasedbt 0.2.4typing_extensions 4.1.1zipp 3.6.04，编写测试Demo，执行测试
测试demo文件
#!/usr/bin/env python3# Filename: testSqlalchemy_gbasedbtfrom sqlalchemy import MetaData, Table, Column, String, create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.dialects import registryfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmakerfrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_baseregistry.register("gbasedbt", "sqlalchemy_gbasedbt.dbtdb", "GBasedbtDialect")# 创建对象的基类:Base = declarative_base()# 定义User对象:class User(Base): # 表的名字: __tablename__ = 'user' # 表的结构: id = Column(String(20), primary_key=True) name = Column(String(20))# 初始化数据库连接:# ConStr = 'gbasedbt://<username>:<password>@<host name>:<port number>/<databasename>;SERVER=<server name>'ConStr = 'gbasedbt://gbasedbt:GBase123@a02.gbasedbt.com:9088/testdb;SERVER=gbase01;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;DELIMIDENT=y'engine = create_engine(ConStr)# 创建对象Base.metadata.create_all(engine)# 创建DBSession类型:DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)# 创建session对象:session = DBSession()# 创建新User对象:new_user = User(id='2', name='测试用户')# 添加到session:session.add(new_user)# 提交即保存到数据库:session.commit()# 关闭session:session.close()# 创建Session:session = DBSession()# 创建Query查询，filter是where条件，最后调用one()返回唯一行，如果调用all()则返回所有行:user = session.query(User).filter(User.id=='2').one()# 打印类型和对象的name属性:print('type:', type(user))print('name:', user.name)# 关闭Session:session.close()测试结果：
[root@localhost test]# ./testSqlalchemy_gbasedbt.py
type: <class '__main__.User'>
name: 测试用户
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