LNMP(nginx php-fpm mysql) 环境部署——mysql
前言:
上一篇已经说过部署的初衷,如有不清楚的,可以看下上篇的前言或在评论区留言给我。
此篇主要介绍安装mysql的方法,php会要用到mysql连接数据库
准备:
mysql官网:mysql.com
源码目录:/usr/local/class="lazy" data-src
mysql官方提供官方库、源码、二进制包三种安装方式。此文会分别介绍官方库、源码包的安装方式,对于二进制包,下载后可直接使用。
此文介绍mysql 5.6 社区版,在下载时不要选择错了
安装:
使用官方库安装:
1 配置mysql.repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
2 创建mysql_pubkey.asc
可参考http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/checking-gpg-signature.html
vim mysql_pubkey.asc
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)
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=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
3 导入mysql公钥
gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc
4 验证签名
gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 5072E1F5
5 安装mysql
如遇超时,可以先yum makecache下
yum install mysql-community-server
6 启动mysql服务
service mysqld start
7 确认安装
可以设置mysql root口令以及删除空帐号等
mysql_secure_installation
源码安装:
安装编译依赖
yum install -y wget ncurses-devel
1 在官方下载mysql源码包
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz
2 解压
tar zxf mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz
3 添加mysql用户组及用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false
4 创建数据目录,并赋予权限
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql
5 配置编译参数
cd mysql-5.6.12
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
6 编译
make
make install
7 设置mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
#初始化数据库
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#配置服务
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
可在初始化数据库时附加参数指定配置
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/data/mysql
8 启动mysql服务
service mysql start
9 默认初始化数据库后 root 密码为空,可通过mysql_secure_installation 配置mysql安全
bin/mysql_secure_installation
10 配置防火墙 开启3306端口
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
注:若没有安装相关依赖,可能会看到类似如下错误。错误的结尾给出了各系统对应的依赖包,安装后需要清除cmake 缓存,直接删除CMakeCache.txt 文件,重新配置编译即可
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
默认初始化数据库后,需要修改my.cnf配置文件相关配置为实际值
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