Mysql命令行连接远程/本地数据库详解

2023-05-05 11:36

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Mysql 命令行连接本地数据库

MySQL登录

mysql -uroot -p密码
mysql -hip -uroot -p连接目标的密码
mysql --host=ip --user=root --password=连接目标的密码

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot --port=3306 -p                                                                                                      
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)      
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye
C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot --port=3308 -p                                                                                                      
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.61 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit 
Bye
C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot --port=3307 -p                                                                                                      
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye

Mysql 命令行连接远程数据库

连接远程的数据库

mysql --host=ip --user=root --password=连接目标的密码

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# mysql -h 69.45.123.1 -uroot --port=3307 -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host '69.45.123.128' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server

有两个方法

如果你的 mysql 数据库没有密码最好创建一个一密码

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('新密码') where user='用户名' and Host ='localhost';
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('admin') where user='用户名' and Host ='localhost';

1.改表法

是因为 root 帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 “mysql” 数据库里的 “user” 表里的 “host” 项，从"localhost"改为"%"

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p -P3306
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql; # 使用数据库
Database changed
mysql> select user,password,host from user where user='root'; # 先查询下 有权限的 用户 的 host 是什么
+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| user | password                                  | host      |
+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| root | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 | localhost |
| root | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 | ::1       |
+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
# 修改 "mysql" 数据库里的 "user" 表里的 "host" 项，从"localhost"改为"%"
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root' and host='localhost'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 0  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新一下 mysql的缓存
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

执行操作之后重启服务器

如果有需要改回来在使用数据库之后把 “mysql” 数据库里的 “user” 表里的 “host” 项从"%“改为"localhost” 之后刷新一下缓存之后重启 mysql 服务即可

mysql> use mysql; # 使用数据库
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = 'localhost' where user = 'root' and host='%'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 0  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新一下 mysql的缓存
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2. 授权法。例如，你想某个用户名比如 myuser 和对应的密码从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。


GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.3的主机连接到mysql服务器，并使用mypassword作为密码


GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY '1235' WITH GRANT OPTION;

mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新一下 mysql的缓存
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

取消授权

# 查看授权的所有用户
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;  
+---------------------------+
| query                     |
+---------------------------+
| User: 'root'@'127.0.0.1'; |
| User: 'root'@'::1';       |
| User: ''@'localhost';     |
| User: 'root'@'localhost'; |
+---------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# revoke all on *.* from 'username'@'%';  username为指定的用户，%为任意登录的地址。
mysql> revoke all on *.* from 'root'@'192.168.1.3';     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# 然后再次 
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新一下 mysql的缓存
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

然后重启 mysql 服务