怎么利用Ajax实现地区三级联动
这篇文章主要介绍怎么利用Ajax实现地区三级联动,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!
前言:
利用Ajax来实现一个地区的三级联动,用Java代码来读json文件,先eclipse做一个简单的,最基础的。(json我用的jackson来解析,也可用fastjson-阿里巴巴的等还有很多)提供代码,思路之类的,注释也没有自己去想去琢磨出来的思路好
first:首先先要熟悉json文件,并要想好利用什么类型去解析,这是最难的,最好找一个没人的地方戴上耳机(对于初学)我是用maven来做的用到的jar坐标 :
<dependency><groupId>redis.clients</groupId><artifactId>jedis</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version><scope>compile</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>2.11.2</version></dependency>
文件位置:
second:首先创建一个html文件 three.html
加了一个字体居中和大小的样式以至于不会太难看,太原生
首先来实现–省--的局部刷新,利用Ajax
<script type="text/javascript">$(function(){$.post("province",function(data){$.each(data,function(){$("#province").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");})},"json")})</script>
然后来写对应的ProvinceController.class的代码(主要是逻辑,为什么我要用List<Map<String,Object>>类型)
package com.daben.controller;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;@WebServlet("/province")public class ProvinceController extends HttpServlet{private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {this.doPost(req, resp);}@Overrideprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");//可加可不加,json可在前端标注也可在后端 看自己习惯 我前后都加了ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); //jackson核心类String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");//利用servletContext(也有叫appliaction)来拿到文件的真实路径,也可以利用加载器拿都一样FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);//流List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});//jackson解析的方法,为什么是这个方法,百度学的 利用TypeReference可解析你想要得到的类型List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();//我用的迭代器遍历的 foreach等 也可以 while(iterator.hasNext()) {Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();map2.remove("city");//可写也可不写list.add(map2);}om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list);}}
在three.html添加改变事件
代码比较简单,就是跟简单的清空 赋值 取值
$("#province").on("change", function(){let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();$.post("city",{"code":code}, function(data){$("#city").empty();$("#city").append("<option>---市---</option>");$.each(data, function(){$("#city").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");})},"json");});
再写对应的CityController.class(代码类似)我为什么还会强转List<Map<String,Object>>类型
package com.daben.controller;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;@WebServlet("/city")public class CityController extends HttpServlet{private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {this.doPost(req, resp);}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")@Overrideprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");String code = req.getParameter("code");req.getSession().setAttribute("cityCode", code);ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();while(iterator.hasNext()) {Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();if(map2.get("code").equals(code)) {map2.remove("code");map2.remove("name");list=(List<Map<String,Object>>) map2.get("city");break;}}List<Map<String,Object>> list1 = new ArrayList<>();Iterator<Map<String,Object>> iterator2 = list.iterator();while(iterator2.hasNext()) {Map<String,Object> next = iterator2.next();next.remove("area");list1.add(next);}om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);}}
不懂的话,可以先看一看city_code.json文件,多想一想
继续来three.html
$("#city").on("change", function(){let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();$.post("village",{"code":code}, function(data){$("#village").empty();$("#village").append("<option>---县---</option>");$.each(data, function(){$("#village").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");})},"json");
代码雷同以至于VillageController.class也是雷同,加了一些判断而已多了一个循环,
package com.daben.controller;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;@WebServlet("/village")public class VillageController extends HttpServlet{private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {this.doPost(req, resp);}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")@Overrideprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");String code = req.getParameter("code");String cityCode = (String)req.getSession().getAttribute("cityCode");ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();while(iterator.hasNext()) {Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();if(map2.get("code").equals(cityCode)) {map2.remove("code");map2.remove("name");list=(List<Map<String,Object>>) map2.get("city");break;}}List<Map<String,Object>> list1 = new ArrayList<>();Iterator<Map<String,Object>> iterator2 = list.iterator();while(iterator2.hasNext()) {Map<String,Object> next = iterator2.next();if(next.get("code").equals(code)) {next.remove("code");next.remove("name");list1 = (List<Map<String,Object>>)next.get("area");}}om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);}}
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