Oracle备份、还原数据库

创建备份目录（用sys账号），若已创建备份目录，此步可忽略

create directory db_bak as "D: ECIMS_DB"

--查看创建的目录
select * from dba_directories

--删除已创建的目录
drop directory DB_BAK

格式:
drop directory 目录名

备份(导出)数据库(cmd状态下)

expdp XXX/XXX@XXX schemas=XXX dumpfile=XXX_20181130.dump logfile=XXX_20181130.LOG DIRECTORY=DB_BAK

语法：
expdp 用户名/密码@实例名 schemas=用户名 dumpfile=导出dump文件名.dump logfile=导出日志文件名.LOG DIRECTORY=DB_BAK

步骤一、导入前，先删除账号(plsql状态下)

drop user XXX cascade;

格式：
drop user 用户名 cascade;

注：若删除不掉，需先删除所有会话！！！

select username, sid, serial# from v$session where username="XXX" --找到用户SESSION

格式：
select username, sid, serial# from v$session where username="用户名" --找到用户SESSION

注：若有多条会员，需批量删除

alter system kill session "249,57377" --杀掉用户SESSION "sid,serial#"
alter system kill session "250,57376" --杀掉用户SESSION "sid,serial#"
alter system kill session "251,57375" --杀掉用户SESSION "sid,serial#"

格式：
alter system kill session "sid,serial" 

步骤二、创建账号，赋予权限(plsql状态下)

create user XXX identified by XXX default tablespace USERS
temporary tablespace TEMP
profile DEFAULT;

-- Grant/Revoke role privileges 
grant connect to XXX;
grant dba to XXX;
grant resource to XXX;

-- Grant/Revoke system privileges 
grant alter any sequence to XXX;
grant alter any table to XXX;
grant alter any trigger to XXX;
grant change notification to XXX;
grant create any procedure to XXX;
grant create any sequence to XXX;
grant create any table to XXX;
grant create any type to XXX;
grant create any view to XXX;
grant unlimited tablespace to XXX;

--------------------------------------------------------------
格式：
create user 用户名 identified by 密码 default tablespace USERS
temporary tablespace TEMP
profile DEFAULT;

-- Grant/Revoke role privileges 
grant connect to 用户名;
grant dba to 用户名;
grant resource to 用户名;

-- Grant/Revoke system privileges 
grant alter any sequence to 用户名;
grant alter any table to 用户名;
grant alter any trigger to 用户名;
grant change notification to 用户名;
grant create any procedure to 用户名;
grant create any sequence to 用户名;
grant create any table to 用户名;
grant create any type to 用户名;
grant create any view to 用户名;
grant unlimited tablespace to 用户名;

步骤三、导入数据(cmd状态下)

impdp XXX/XXX DIRECTORY=db_bak DUMPFILE=XXX.dump logfile=XXX.log REMAP_SCHEMA=XXX:XXX remap_tablespace=XXX:XXX

格式
impdp 用户名/密码 DIRECTORY=db_bak DUMPFILE=备份文件名.dump logfile=备份日志文件名.log REMAP_SCHEMA=导出用户名:导入用户名 remap_tablespace=导出表空间:导入表空间