W3C高级算法挑战之python实现

def telephoneCheck(s):
    i = 0
    for x in s:
        if x.isdigit(): i += 1
    if "(" in s or ")" in s:
        if "(" not in s or ")" not in s:
            return False
    if s[0] == "(" and s[-1] == ")": return False
    if i == 10:
        return True
    elif i == 11:
        return True if s[0] == "1" else False
    else:
        return False


print(telephoneCheck("1 555-555-5555"))  # 应该返回 true.
print(telephoneCheck("1 (555) 555-5555"))  # 应该返回 true.
print(telephoneCheck("555-555-5555"))  # 应该返回 true.
print(telephoneCheck("(555)555-5555"))  # 应该返回 true.
print(telephoneCheck("1(555)555-5555"))  # 应该返回 true.
print(telephoneCheck("1 555)555-5555"))  # 应该返回 false.
print(telephoneCheck("123**&!!asdf#"))  # 应该返回 false.
print(telephoneCheck("(6505552368)"))  # 应该返回 false
print(telephoneCheck("(275)76227382"))  # 应该返回 false.

import functools


def sym(*args):
    def diff(lst1, lst2):
        lst = []
        for i in lst1:
            if i not in lst2:
                lst.append(i)
        for i in lst2:
            if i not in lst1:
                lst.append(i)
        return list(set(lst))

    lst = functools.reduce(diff, args)
    return lst


print(sym([1, 2, 3], [5, 2, 1, 4]))  # 应该返回 [3, 4, 5].
print(sym([1, 2, 5], [2, 3, 5], [3, 4, 5]))  # 应该返回 [1, 4, 5]
print(sym([1, 1, 2, 5], [2, 2, 3, 5], [3, 4, 5, 5]))  # 应该返回 [1, 4, 5].
print(sym([3, 3, 3, 2, 5], [2, 1, 5, 7], [3, 4, 6, 6], [1, 2, 3]))  # 应该返回 [2, 3, 4, 6, 7].
print(sym([3, 3, 3, 2, 5], [2, 1, 5, 7], [3, 4, 6, 6], [1, 2, 3], [5, 3, 9, 8], [1]))  #  应该返回 [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].

from math import floor


def checkCashRegister(price, cash, cid):
    num = round(cash - price, 2)  # 浮点数精度问题，用round函数精确到分位即可得出金额准确数值
    dct = {"PENNY": 0.01, "NICKEL": 0.05, "DIME": 0.1, "QUARTER": 0.25, "ONE": 1, "FIVE": 5, "TEN": 10, "TWENTY": 20,
           "ONE HUNDRED": 100}
    dct_rev = {v: k for k, v in dct.items()}
    # 面额作为键，数量作为值，去掉0和大于需找零金额的键，得到dct_aftdel
    dct_aftdel = {dct[i[0]]: round(i[1] / dct[i[0]]) for i in cid if i[1] and dct[i[0]] <= num}
    sum_all = sum([i[1] for i in cid if dct[i[0]] in dct_aftdel])
    if sum_all < num:
        return "Insufficient Funds"
    elif sum_all == num:
        return "Closed"
    else:
        print(f"要找{num}元")
        print(f"从这些钱里面找：{dct_aftdel}")
        print(f"这些钱里面一共有{sum_all}元")
        dct_return = {}
        for i in sorted(dct_aftdel, reverse=True):
            if i <= num:
                if floor(num / i) <= dct_aftdel[i]: # 例如：要找他90，你有5张20，只需找他4张，如果只有4张，则4张都找给他
                    dct_return[i] = floor(num / i)  # 向下取整
                    print(f"找了{floor(num / i)}张{i}块的，还剩", end="")
                    num -= i * floor(num / i)
                    print(f"{round(num, 2)}")
                    num = round(num, 2)  # num_temp为浮点型，自减完之后需要分位取整

                else:
                    dct_return[i] = dct_aftdel[i]
                    num -= i * dct_aftdel[i]
                    print(f"找了{dct_aftdel[i]}张{i}块的，还剩{round(num, 2)}")
                    num = round(num, 2)
        lst_return = [[dct_rev[k], k * v] for k, v in dct_return.items()]
        return lst_return


print(checkCashRegister(19.50, 20.00,
                        [["PENNY", 1.01], ["NICKEL", 2.05], ["DIME", 3.10], ["QUARTER", 4.25], ["ONE", 90.00],
                         ["FIVE", 55.00], ["TEN", 20.00], ["TWENTY", 60.00], ["ONE HUNDRED", 100.00]]))
# 应该返回 [["QUARTER", 0.50]].
print(checkCashRegister(3.26, 100.00,
                        [["PENNY", 1.01], ["NICKEL", 2.05], ["DIME", 3.10], ["QUARTER", 4.25], ["ONE", 90.00],
                         ["FIVE", 55.00], ["TEN", 20.00], ["TWENTY", 60.00], ["ONE HUNDRED", 100.00]]))
# 应该返回 [["TWENTY", 60.00], ["TEN", 20.00], ["FIVE", 15], ["ONE", 1], ["QUARTER", 0.50], ["DIME", 0.20], ["PENNY", 0.04]].
print(checkCashRegister(19.50, 20.00,
                        [["PENNY", 0.01], ["NICKEL", 0], ["DIME", 0], ["QUARTER", 0], ["ONE", 0], ["FIVE", 0],
                         ["TEN", 0], ["TWENTY", 0], ["ONE HUNDRED", 0]]))
# 应该返回 "Insufficient Funds".
print(checkCashRegister(19.50, 20.00,
                        [["PENNY", 0.01], ["NICKEL", 0], ["DIME", 0], ["QUARTER", 0], ["ONE", 1.00], ["FIVE", 0],
                         ["TEN", 0], ["TWENTY", 0], ["ONE HUNDRED", 0]]))
# 应该返回 "Insufficient Funds".
print(checkCashRegister(19.50, 20.00,
                        [["PENNY", 0.50], ["NICKEL", 0], ["DIME", 0], ["QUARTER", 0], ["ONE", 0], ["FIVE", 0],
                         ["TEN", 0], ["TWENTY", 0], ["ONE HUNDRED", 0]]))
# 应该返回 "Closed".

def updateInventory(lst1, lst2):
    lst_name = [i[1] for i in lst1] + [i[1] for i in lst2]
    lst_quntity = [i[0] for i in lst1] + [i[0] for i in lst2]
    dct = {}
    # 字典去重名时计算数量
    for i, j in zip(lst_name, lst_quntity):
        if dct.get(i):
            dct[i] = dct.get(i) + j
        else:
            dct[i] = j
    lst = sorted([i for i in dct.items()])  # 按字母排序
    lst = list(map(lambda x: list(reversed(x)), lst))  # 逆序
    return lst


print(updateInventory([[21, "Bowling Ball"], [2, "Dirty Sock"], [1, "Hair Pin"], [5, "Microphone"]],
                      [[2, "Hair Pin"], [3, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [67, "Bowling Ball"], [7, "Toothpaste"]]))
 # 应该返回 [[88, "Bowling Ball"], [2, "Dirty Sock"], [3, "Hair Pin"], [3, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [5, "Microphone"], [7, "Toothpaste"]]
print(updateInventory([[21, "Bowling Ball"], [2, "Dirty Sock"], [1, "Hair Pin"], [5, "Microphone"]],
                      []))  
 # 应该返回 [[21, "Bowling Ball"], [2, "Dirty Sock"], [1, "Hair Pin"], [5, "Microphone"]].
print(updateInventory([], [[2, "Hair Pin"], [3, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [67, "Bowling Ball"], [7,
                                                                                            "Toothpaste"]]))  
 # 应该返回 [[67, "Bowling Ball"], [2, "Hair Pin"], [3, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [7, "Toothpaste"]].
print(updateInventory([[0, "Bowling Ball"], [0, "Dirty Sock"], [0, "Hair Pin"], [0, "Microphone"]],
                      [[1, "Hair Pin"], [1, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [1, "Bowling Ball"], [1,
                                                                                       "Toothpaste"]]))  
 # 应该返回 [[1, "Bowling Ball"], [0, "Dirty Sock"], [1, "Hair Pin"], [1, "Half-Eaten Apple"], [0, "Microphone"], [1, "Toothpaste"]].

def makeFriendlyDates(lst):
    dct1 = {1: "January", 2: "Februry", 3: "March", 4: "April", 5: "May", 6: "June", 7: "July", 8: "August",
            9: "September", 10: "October", 11: "November", 12: "December"}
    dct2 = {1: "1st", 2: "2nd", 3: "3rd", 4: "4th", 5: "5th", 6: "6th", 7: "7th", 8: "8th", 9: "9th", 10: "10th",
            11: "11th", 12: "12th", 13: "13th", 14: "14th", 15: "15th", 16: "16th", 17: "17th", 18: "18th", 19: "19th",
            20: "20th", 21: "21st", 22: "22nd", 23: "23rd", 24: "24th", 25: "25th", 26: "26th", 27: "27th", 28: "28th",
            29: "29th", 30: "30th", 31: "31st"}

    date1 = lst[0].split("-")
    date1 = list(map(int, date1))
    date2 = lst[1].split("-")
    date2 = list(map(int, date2))

    if date1[0] == date2[0]:  # 同年
        if date1[1] == date2[1]:
            if date1[2] == date2[2]:
                return [f"{dct1[date1[1]]} {dct2[date1[2]]}", f" {date1[0]}"]  # 同月同日
            else:
                return [f"{dct1[date1[1]]} {dct2[date1[2]]} {date1[0]}", f"{dct2[date2[2]]}"]  # 同月不同日
        else:
            return [f"{dct1[date1[1]]} {dct2[date1[2]]}, {date1[0]}", f" {dct1[date2[1]]} {dct2[date2[2]]}"]  # 不同月
    else:
        if date2[0] == date1[0] + 1 and (date2[1] < date1[1] or (date2[1] == date1[1] and date2[2] < date1[2])):
            return [f"{dct1[date1[1]]} {dct2[date1[2]]}, {date1[0]}",
                    f" {dct1[date2[1]]} {dct2[date2[2]]}"]  # 不同年相隔一年以内
        else:
            return [f"{dct1[date1[1]]} {dct2[date1[2]]}, {date1[0]}",
                    f" {dct1[date2[1]]} {dct2[date2[2]]}, {date2[0]}"]  # 不同年相隔超过一年


print(makeFriendlyDates(["2016-07-01", "2016-07-04"]))
# 应该返回 ["July 1st, 2016","4th"]
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2016-07-01", "2018-07-04"]))
# 应该返回 ["July 1st, 2016", "July 4th, 2018"].
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2016-12-01", "2017-02-03"]))
# 应该返回 ["December 1st, 2016","February 3rd"].
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2016-12-01", "2018-02-03"]))
# 应该返回 ["December 1st, 2016","February 3rd, 2018"].
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2017-03-01", "2017-05-05"]))
# 应该返回 ["March 1st, 2017","May 5th"]
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2018-01-13", "2018-01-13"]))
# 应该返回 ["January 13th, 2018"].
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2022-09-05", "2023-09-04"]))
# 应该返回 ["September 5th, 2022","September 4th"].
print(makeFriendlyDates(["2022-09-05", "2023-09-05"]))
# 应该返回 ["September 5th, 2022","September 5th, 2023"]

class Person:
    def __init__(self, s):
        self.fullname = s
        self.firstname = s[:s.find(" ")]
        self.lastname = s[s.find(" ") + 1:]
        # self.fullname = self.firstname + " " + self.lastname

    def getFirstName(self):
        print(f"FirstName是：{self.firstname}")
        return self.firstname

    def getLastName(self):
        print(f"LastName是：{self.lastname}")
        return self.lastname

    def getFullName(self):
        print(f"FullName是：{self.fullname}")
        return self.fullname

    def setFirstName(self, s):
        print(f"FirstName:{self.firstname}被修改为{s}")
        self.firstname = s
        self.fullname = s + " " + self.lastname

    def setLastName(self, s):
        print(f"LastName:{self.lastname}被修改为{s}")
        self.lastname = s
        self.fullname = self.firstname + " " + s

    def setFullName(self, s):
        print(f"FullName:{self.fullname}被修改为{s}")
        self.fullname = s
        self.firstname = s[:s.find(" ")]
        self.lastname = s[s.find(" ") + 1:]


bob = Person('Bob Ross')
bob.getFullName()

bob.setFirstName("David")
bob.getFirstName()

bob.setLastName("Alen")
bob.getLastName()

bob.setFullName("Bruce Lee")
bob.getFullName()

def pairwise(lst, n):
    if not lst: return 0  # 空列表返回0
    # 字典去重，元素作为键，重复值索引放列表作为值
    dct = {j: [] for j in lst}
    for d in dct:
        dct[d] = [i for i, j in enumerate(lst) if j == d]
    # print(dct)
    # 当n为偶数，元素为n/2，且有奇数对时，删掉最后一个元素的索引值
    if n % 2 == 0:
        if lst.count(n / 2) % 2 == 1:
            dct[n / 2].pop()
    # 找另一半n-d，找不到则删键,找到了删右边多余的索引值
    for d in dct.copy():
        if n - d not in dct:
            dct.pop(d)
        else:
            dct[d] = dct[d][:min(len(dct[d]), len(dct[n - d]))]
    # print(dct)
    # 加总所有字典值
    result = sum([sum(i) for i in dct.values()])
    return result


print(pairwise([1, 4, 2, 3, 0, 5], 7))  # 应该返回 11.
print(pairwise([1, 3, 2, 4], 4))  # 应该返回 1.
print(pairwise([1, 1, 1], 2))  # 应该返回 1.
print(pairwise([0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2], 1))  # 应该返回 10.
print(pairwise([], 100))  # 应该返回 0.