昨天写了一个小爬虫，爬取了豆瓣上2017年中国大陆的电影信息，网址为豆瓣选影视，爬取了电影的名称、导演、编剧、主演、类型、上映时间、片长、评分和链接，并保存到MongoDB中。
一开始用的本机的IP地址，没用代理IP，请求了十几个网页之后就收不到数据了，报HTTP错误302，然后用浏览器打开网页试了一下，发现浏览器也是302。。。
但是我不怕，我有代理IP，哈哈哈！详见我前一篇随笔：爬取代理IP。
使用代理IP之后果然可以持续收到数据了，但中间还是有302错误，没事，用另一个代理IP请求重新请求一次就好了，一次不行再来一次，再来一次不行那就再再来一次，再再不行，那。。。
下面附上部分代码吧。
1.爬虫文件
import scrapy
import json
from douban.items import DoubanItem
parse_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/new_search_subjects?sort=U&range=0,10&tags=%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1&start={}&countries=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86&year_range=2017,2017"
class Cn2017Spider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'cn2017'
allowed_domains = ['douban.com']
start_urls = ['https://movie.douban.com/j/new_search_subjects?sort=U&range=0,10&tags=%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1&start=0&countries=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86&year_range=2017,2017']
def parse(self, response):
data = json.loads(response.body.decode())
if data is not None:
for film in data["data"]:
print(film["url"])
item = DoubanItem()
item["url"] = film["url"]
yield scrapy.Request(
film["url"],
callback=self.get_detail_content,
meta={"item": item}
)
for page in range(20,3200,20):
yield scrapy.Request(
parse_url.format(page),
callback=self.parse
)
def get_detail_content(self,response):
item = response.meta["item"]
item["film_name"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='content']//span[@property='v:itemreviewed']/text()").extract_first()
item["director"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='info']/span[1]/span[2]/a/text()").extract_first()
item["scriptwriter"] = response.xpath("///div[@id='info']/span[2]/span[2]/a/text()").extract()
item["starring"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='info']/span[3]/span[2]/a[position()<6]/text()").extract()
item["type"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='info']/span[@property='v:genre']/text()").extract()
item["release_date"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='info']/span[@property='v:initialReleaseDate']/text()").extract()
item["running_time"] = response.xpath("//div[@id='info']/span[@property='v:runtime']/@content").extract_first()
item["score"] = response.xpath("//div[@class='rating_self clearfix']/strong/text()").extract_first()
# print(item)
if item["film_name"] is None:
# print("*" * 100)
yield scrapy.Request(
item["url"],
callback=self.get_detail_content,
meta={"item": item},
dont_filter=True
)
else:
yield item2.items.py文件
import scrapy
class DoubanItem(scrapy.Item):
#电影名称
film_name = scrapy.Field()
#导演
director = scrapy.Field()
#编剧
scriptwriter = scrapy.Field()
#主演
starring = scrapy.Field()
#类型
type = scrapy.Field()
#上映时间
release_date = scrapy.Field()
#片长
running_time = scrapy.Field()
#评分
score = scrapy.Field()
#链接
url = scrapy.Field()3.middlewares.py文件
from douban.settings import USER_AGENT_LIST
import random
import pandas as pd
class UserAgentMiddleware(object):
def process_request(self, request, spider):
user_agent = random.choice(USER_AGENT_LIST)
request.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent
return None
class ProxyMiddleware(object):
def process_request(self, request, spider):
# Called for each request that goes through the downloader
# middleware.
ip_df = pd.read_csv(r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\douban\douban\ip.csv")
ip = random.choice(ip_df.loc[:, "ip"])
request.meta["proxy"] = "http://" + ip
return None4.pipelines.py文件
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient()
collection = client["test"]["douban"]
class DoubanPipeline(object):
def process_item(self, item, spider):
collection.insert(dict(item))5.settings.py文件
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'douban.middlewares.UserAgentMiddleware': 543,
'douban.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 544,
}
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'douban.pipelines.DoubanPipeline': 300,
}
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT = 10
RETRY_ENABLED = True
RETRY_TIMES = 10程序共运行1小时20分21.473772秒，抓取到2986条数据。
最后，
还是要每天开心鸭！
